Demiris George
Department of Health Management and Informatics, University of Missouri-Columbia, 65211, USA.
J Telemed Telecare. 2006;12(3):111-5. doi: 10.1258/135763306776738549.
Surveys can be used in the evaluation of telemedicine applications but they must be properly designed, consistent and accurate. The purpose of the survey and the resources available will determine the extent of testing that a survey instrument should undergo prior to its use. The validity of an instrument is the correspondence between what is being measured and what was intended to be measured. The reliability of an instrument describes the 'consistency' or 'repeatability' of the measurements made with it. Survey instruments should be designed and tested following basic principles of survey development. The actual survey administration also requires consideration, for example data collection and processing, as well as the interpretation of the findings. Surveys are of two different types. Either they are self-administered, or they are administered by interview. In the latter case, they may be administered by telephone or in a face-to-face meeting. It is important to design a survey instrument based on a detailed definition of what it intends to measure and to test it before administering it to the larger sample.
调查可用于远程医疗应用的评估，但必须精心设计，具备一致性和准确性。调查的目的以及可用资源将决定调查工具在使用前应进行的测试程度。工具的效度是指所测量的内容与预期测量的内容之间的对应关系。工具的信度描述了使用该工具进行测量的“一致性”或“可重复性”。调查工具应按照调查开发的基本原则进行设计和测试。实际的调查管理也需要考虑，例如数据收集和处理，以及结果的解释。调查有两种不同类型。要么是自我管理的，要么是通过访谈进行管理的。在后一种情况下，可以通过电话或面对面会议进行管理。根据对预期测量内容的详细定义设计调查工具，并在将其应用于更大样本之前进行测试，这一点很重要。
