Lee Mark C, Eberson Craig P
Brown Medical School, Department of Orthopaedics, Rhode Island Hospital, 593 Eddy Street, Providence, RI 02903, USA.
Orthop Clin North Am. 2006 Apr;37(2):119-32, v. doi: 10.1016/j.ocl.2005.12.001.
The child's hip begins in intrauterine development as a condensation of mesoderm in the lower limb bud that rapidly differentiates to resemble the adult hip by eight weeks of life. The developmental instructions are transmitted through complicated cell signaling pathways. From eight weeks of development to adolescence, further growth of the hip is focused on differentiation and the establishment of the adult arterial supply. The postnatal growth of the child's hip is a product of concurrent acetabular and proximal femoral growth from their corresponding growth plates. Absence of appropriate contact between acetabulum and proximal femur yields an incongruent joint. Multiple disease processes may be understood in light of this growth process, including Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease and developmental dysplasia of the hip.
儿童髋关节在子宫内发育时，始于下肢芽中胚层的聚集，到出生8周时迅速分化，类似成人髋关节。发育指令通过复杂的细胞信号通路传递。从发育8周到青春期，髋关节的进一步生长主要集中在分化和成人动脉供应的建立上。儿童髋关节出生后的生长是髋臼和股骨近端相应生长板同时生长的结果。髋臼与股骨近端缺乏适当接触会导致关节不协调。根据这一生长过程，可以理解多种疾病过程，包括Legg-Calvé-Perthes病和发育性髋关节发育不良。
