Skinner Donald, Tsheko N, Mtero-Munyati S, Segwabe M, Chibatamoto P, Mfecane S, Chandiwana B, Nkomo N, Tlou S, Chitiyo G
Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS and Public Health, SAHA, Human Sciences Research Council, HSRC, Private Bag X9182, Cape Town, 8000, South Africa.
AIDS Behav. 2006 Nov;10(6):619-26. doi: 10.1007/s10461-006-9086-6.
The HIV epidemic presents challenges including orphans and a large mass of children rendered vulnerable by the epidemic and other societal forces. Focus on orphaned and vulnerable children (OVC) is important, but needs accurate definition. Twelve focus group interviews of service providers, leaders in these communities, OVC and their caretakers were conducted at six project sites across Botswana, South Africa and Zimbabwe to extend this definition. The loss of a parent through death or desertion is an important aspect of vulnerability. Additional factors leading to vulnerability included severe chronic illness of a parent or caregiver, poverty, hunger, lack of access to services, inadequate clothing or shelter, overcrowding, deficient caretakers, and factors specific to the child, including disability, direct experience of physical or sexual violence, or severe chronic illness. Important questions raised in this research include the long-term implications for the child and community, and the contribution of culture systems.
艾滋病疫情带来了诸多挑战，包括产生了大量孤儿以及众多因该疫情和其他社会因素而变得脆弱的儿童。关注孤儿和易受伤害儿童（OVC）很重要，但需要准确的定义。在博茨瓦纳、南非和津巴布韦的六个项目地点，对服务提供者、这些社区的领导人、OVC及其照料者进行了12次焦点小组访谈，以扩展这一定义。因死亡或遗弃而失去父母是脆弱性的一个重要方面。导致脆弱性的其他因素包括父母或照料者患有严重慢性病、贫困、饥饿、无法获得服务、衣物或住所不足、过度拥挤、照料者不足，以及儿童自身的特定因素，包括残疾、遭受身体暴力或性暴力的直接经历，或患有严重慢性病。这项研究中提出的重要问题包括对儿童和社区的长期影响，以及文化系统的作用。
