Maisch B, Drude L, Hengstenberg C, Herzum M, Hufnagel G, Kochsiek K, Schmaltz A, Schönian U, Schwab M D
Department of Internal Medicine-Cardiology, Philipps-University Marburg, FRG.
Basic Res Cardiol. 1991;86 Suppl 3:101-14. doi: 10.1007/978-3-662-30769-4_10.
Antisarcolemmal (ASAs) and in particular antimyolemmal antibodies (AMLAs) are a serologic hallmark of inflammatory heart muscle disease and its sequelae. Since they may also occur to a much lesser incidence with increasing age, it was examined whether they also possess properties of "natural antibodies". As natural antibodies, AMLAs and ASAs have specificity for conserved structures on the membrane. They possess cross-reactivity and increase with age. In contrast to natural antibodies, however, they occur most frequently after viral stimulation, and are more often of the IgG- and IgA- than of the IgM-isotype and fix complement in the acute stage of the disease. They also exhibit cytolytic and cytotoxic properties when incubated in vitro with isolated heart muscle cells. In addition, antigenic mimicry has been demonstrated to be operative, since they are cross-reactive to viral proteins.
抗肌膜抗体（ASAs），尤其是抗肌膜抗体（AMLAs）是炎症性心肌病及其后遗症的血清学标志。由于随着年龄增长它们的发生率也可能会低得多，因此研究了它们是否也具有“天然抗体”的特性。作为天然抗体，AMLAs和ASAs对膜上的保守结构具有特异性。它们具有交叉反应性且随年龄增长而增加。然而，与天然抗体不同的是，它们最常在病毒刺激后出现，且在疾病急性期更常为IgG和IgA同种型而非IgM同种型，并能固定补体。当与分离的心肌细胞在体外孵育时，它们还表现出细胞溶解和细胞毒性特性。此外，由于它们与病毒蛋白具有交叉反应性，已证明存在抗原模拟作用。
