Goldstein Iris B, Shapiro David, Guthrie Donald
Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095-1759, USA.
Am J Hypertens. 2006 May;19(5):486-91. doi: 10.1016/j.amjhyper.2005.09.025.
Family history of hypertension is a primary predictor of high blood pressure (BP). This study attempted to determine whether there is a gradual increase in BP between individuals with two hypertensive parents, one hypertensive parent, and normotensive parents and whether this increase is apparent with both ambulatory and casual BP assessments in men as well as in women.
A total of 220 healthy men and women, aged 22 to 50 years, completed two 24-h ambulatory BP sessions (one work day and one off work day). Based on family history information obtained from parents, three groups were formed: subjects with two hypertensive parents, one hypertensive parent, and normotensive parents. Work and off work days did not differ; analyses were based on mean values of the 2 days.
Men with two hypertensive parents had higher daytime and night-time ambulatory BP than men with normotensive parents. Those with one hypertensive parent had intermediate BP levels. Ambulatory BP was not associated with family history in women. Also, men with one or two hypertensive parents had higher ambulatory BP than women with hypertensive parents, whereas offspring of normotensive parents exhibited no sex differences in BP.
Elevated systolic and diastolic BP throughout the day and night seems to characterize men with two hypertensive parents. In evaluating the relationship between family history of hypertension and BP, it is important to use ambulatory BP measures, differentiate between individuals with one and with two hypertensive parents, and focus on gender differences in BP.
高血压家族史是高血压的主要预测因素。本研究试图确定父母双方患高血压、一方患高血压和血压正常的个体之间血压是否会逐渐升高，以及这种升高在男性和女性的动态血压和偶测血压评估中是否明显。
共有220名年龄在22至50岁之间的健康男性和女性完成了两次24小时动态血压监测（一个工作日和一个非工作日）。根据从父母那里获得的家族史信息，分为三组：父母双方患高血压的受试者、一方患高血压的受试者和血压正常的受试者。工作日和非工作日无差异；分析基于这两天的平均值。
父母双方患高血压的男性白天和夜间动态血压高于父母血压正常的男性。一方患高血压的男性血压水平处于中间值。女性的动态血压与家族史无关。此外，一方或双方患高血压的男性动态血压高于父母患高血压的女性，而血压正常父母的后代在血压方面无性别差异。
父母双方患高血压的男性似乎全天收缩压和舒张压均升高。在评估高血压家族史与血压之间的关系时，使用动态血压测量、区分一方和双方患高血压的个体以及关注血压的性别差异非常重要。
