Killen Joel D, Fortmann Stephen P, Murphy Greer M, Hayward Chris, Arredondo Christina, Cromp Deann, Celio Maria, Abe Laurie, Wang Yun, Schatzberg Alan F
Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5705, USA.
J Consult Clin Psychol. 2006 Apr;74(2):286-94. doi: 10.1037/0022-006X.74.2.286.
The authors present results of a randomized clinical trial of the efficacy of extended treatment with bupropion SR in producing longer term cigarette smoking cessation. Adult smokers (N = 362) received open-label treatment (11 weeks) that combined relapse prevention training, bupropion SR, and nicotine patch followed by extended treatment (14 weeks) with bupropion SR or matching placebo. Abstinence percentages were relatively high (week 11: 52%; week 25: bupropion, 42%; placebo, 38%; week 52: bupropion, 33%; placebo, 34%), but bupropion SR did not surpass placebo. Gender and baseline craving level were identified as significant, independent moderators of treatment response. Men were more likely to abstain than women (week 11: 59% vs. 43%, p = .001; week 25: 48% vs. 31%, p = .001; week 52: 39% vs. 27%, p = .01). Because most smokers suffer relapse with any current cessation treatment, the comparatively high abstinence percentages achieved in this trial are of interest.
作者们展示了一项随机临床试验的结果，该试验旨在研究安非他酮缓释剂延长治疗对实现长期戒烟的疗效。成年吸烟者（N = 362）接受了开放标签治疗（11周），该治疗结合了预防复发训练、安非他酮缓释剂和尼古丁贴片，随后接受安非他酮缓释剂或匹配安慰剂的延长治疗（14周）。戒断率相对较高（第11周：52%；第25周：安非他酮组为42%，安慰剂组为38%；第52周：安非他酮组为33%，安慰剂组为34%），但安非他酮缓释剂并未超过安慰剂。性别和基线渴望水平被确定为治疗反应的显著独立调节因素。男性比女性更有可能戒烟（第11周：59%对43%，p = .001；第25周：48%对31%，p = .001；第52周：39%对27%，p = .01）。由于大多数吸烟者在目前的任何戒烟治疗中都会复发，因此该试验中达到的相对较高的戒断率值得关注。
