Hanna E Z
Division of Biometry and Epidemiology, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Rockville, MD 20857.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1991 Dec;15(6):927-31. doi: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.1991.tb05190.x.
Although there are many treatment alternative open to people with drinking problems, health professionals still exhibit negative attitudes towards alcoholics. In a previous study, the author demonstrated that those patients who were self-labelled alcoholics were treated in a less preferential manner than those who did not identify as such. This study used both overt and unobtrusive measures to determine whether negative attitudes of intake interviewers towards problem drinkers were elicited by the patients' self-label as an alcoholic or by other variables related to perceived treatment outcome. Pre- and postinterview data on patient likability, doctor's eagerness to work with the patient, interview content, treatment disposition, and patient compliance were collected from first-time patients, and from their interviewers, in the walk-in psychiatry and alcohol treatment units of a large, urban teaching hospital. The results elucidate how stereotypes interact with patient characteristics to influence both professional behavior and patient compliance.
尽管对于有饮酒问题的人有许多可供选择的治疗方法，但健康专业人员对酗酒者仍表现出消极态度。在之前的一项研究中，作者表明，那些自认为是酗酒者的患者比那些不这样认为的患者受到的优待更少。本研究采用公开和不显眼的措施，以确定接诊面试官对问题饮酒者的消极态度是由患者自认为酗酒者的标签引起的，还是由与感知到的治疗结果相关的其他变量引起的。从一家大型城市教学医院的门诊精神病学和酒精治疗科室的首次就诊患者及其面试官那里收集了关于患者可爱程度、医生与患者合作的积极性、访谈内容、治疗安排和患者依从性的访谈前后数据。研究结果阐明了刻板印象如何与患者特征相互作用，从而影响专业行为和患者依从性。
