Matsumoto I, Yoshida S, Kawana R
Department of Bacteriology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University.
Kansenshogaku Zasshi. 1991 Oct;65(10):1286-96. doi: 10.11150/kansenshogakuzasshi1970.65.1286.
Rhinoviruses (HRVs) were isolated from 307 children (7.1%) in the virological surveillance of 4334 children with acute respiratory tract illnesses in Morioka, Japan (September 1973-December 1983). Although HRVs were isolated throughout the year, frequency of HRV infection was significantly higher (p less than 0.001) during the April-November (233/2853; 8.2%) than during the December-March (47/1481; 5.0%). There were two peaks of incidence in May (9.5%) and September (9.1%). During the May-September, the rate of HRV infection was higher in patients under the age of 11 months than the next higher group of 1-2 years old (p less than 0.001). The incidence decreased with increasing age. The illnesses of HRV infection were analysed in 294 patients, except one patient who had symptoms of measles, from whom HRV was isolated singly. Although HRV-associated illnesses were generally mild (57.5%). Upper respiratory tract illnesses (URTIs) with fever were found in 22.1% and lower respiratory tract illnesses (LRTIs) in 20.4% of these. The rate of LRTI was higher during the epidemic period (April-September) than other periods (p less than 0.02). Major symptoms of HRV-associated illnesses observed were sore throat (87.4%), cough (84.0%), and nasal obstruction and/or discharge (72.8%). Wheezing was observed in 21.8% of these. From 19 (21.8%) of 47 patients clinically diagnosed as asthmatic bronchitis in this survey, viruses were isolated. HRV was detected most frequently in 12.8% of these patients, followed by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV, 6.4%) and adenovirus (2.1%). HRV- and RSV-associated asthmatic bronchitis were observed during April-September and November-February, respectively. Viral dual infections were detected in total 20 cases included 12 HRV-associated cases. In no case was the illness of greater severity than might have been caused by either agent acting singly.
在日本盛冈对4334名患急性呼吸道疾病的儿童进行病毒学监测期间（1973年9月 - 1983年12月），从307名儿童（7.1%）中分离出鼻病毒（HRV）。虽然全年都能分离出HRV，但4月至11月期间HRV感染频率显著更高（p < 0.001）（233/2853；8.2%），高于12月至3月期间（47/1481；5.0%）。发病率有两个高峰，分别在5月（9.5%）和9月（9.1%）。在5月至9月期间，11个月以下患者的HRV感染率高于下一个年龄组1 - 2岁的患者（p < 0.001）。发病率随年龄增长而下降。对294例患者（除1例有麻疹症状且单独分离出HRV的患者外）的HRV感染疾病进行了分析。虽然与HRV相关的疾病一般较轻（57.5%）。其中22.1%出现伴有发热的上呼吸道疾病（URTI），20.4%出现下呼吸道疾病（LRTI）。流行期间（4月至9月）LRTI的发生率高于其他时期（p < 0.02）。观察到的与HRV相关疾病的主要症状为咽痛（87.4%）、咳嗽（84.0%）以及鼻塞和/或流涕（72.8%）。其中21.8%出现喘息。在本次调查中临床诊断为哮喘性支气管炎的47例患者中，有19例（21.8%）分离出病毒。这些患者中HRV检出频率最高，为12.8%，其次是呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV，6.4%）和腺病毒（2.1%）。与HRV相关的哮喘性支气管炎在4月至9月期间出现，与RSV相关的哮喘性支气管炎在11月至2月期间出现。总共检测到20例病毒双重感染病例，其中12例与HRV相关。在任何病例中，疾病的严重程度都不超过单一病原体可能导致的程度。
