Dashti Hussein M, Al-Zaid Naji S, Mathew Thazhumpal C, Al-Mousawi Mahdi, Talib Hussain, Asfar Sami K, Behbahani Abdulla I
Department of Surgery, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait.
Mol Cell Biochem. 2006 Jun;286(1-2):1-9. doi: 10.1007/s11010-005-9001-x. Epub 2006 Apr 21.
Various studies have convincingly shown the beneficial effect of ketogenic diet (in which the daily consumption of carbohydrate is less than 20 grams, regardless of fat, protein and caloric intake) in reducing weight in obese subjects. However, its long term effect on obese subjects with high total cholesterol (as compared to obese subjects with normal cholesterol level is lacking. It is believed that ketogenic diet may have adverse effect on the lipid profile. Therefore, in this study the effect of ketogenic diet in obese subjects with high cholesterol level above 6 mmol/L is compared to those with normocholesterolemia for a period of 56 weeks.
In this study, 66 healthy obese subjects with body mass index (BMI) greater than 30, having high cholesterol level (Group I; n = 35) and those subjects with normal cholesterol level (Group II; n = 31) were selected. The body weight, body mass index, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, urea, creatinine, glucose and triglycerides were determined before and after the administration of the ketogenic diet. Changes in these parameters were monitored at 8, 16, 24, 32, 40, 48 and 56 weeks of the treatment.
The body weight and body mass index of both groups decreased significantly (P < 0.0001). The level of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides and blood glucose level decreased significantly (P < 0.0001), whereas HDL cholesterol increased significantly (P < 0.0001) after the treatment in both groups.
This study shows the beneficial effects of ketogenic diet following its long term administration in obese subjects with a high level of total cholesterol. Moreover, this study demonstrates that low carbohydrate diet is safe to use for a longer period of time in obese subjects with a high total cholesterol level and those with normocholesterolemia.
多项研究令人信服地表明，生酮饮食（即每日碳水化合物摄入量少于20克，无论脂肪、蛋白质和热量摄入情况如何）对肥胖受试者的体重减轻有益。然而，其对总胆固醇水平高的肥胖受试者的长期影响（与胆固醇水平正常的肥胖受试者相比）尚缺乏研究。据信生酮饮食可能对血脂谱有不良影响。因此，在本研究中，将生酮饮食对胆固醇水平高于6 mmol/L的肥胖受试者的影响与胆固醇正常的受试者进行了为期56周的比较。
在本研究中，选择了66名体重指数（BMI）大于30的健康肥胖受试者，其中胆固醇水平高的受试者为第一组（n = 35），胆固醇水平正常的受试者为第二组（n = 31）。在给予生酮饮食前后测定体重、体重指数、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、尿素、肌酐、葡萄糖和甘油三酯。在治疗的第8、16、24、32、40、48和56周监测这些参数的变化。
两组的体重和体重指数均显著下降（P < 0.0001）。两组治疗后总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、甘油三酯和血糖水平均显著下降（P < 0.0001），而高密度脂蛋白胆固醇显著升高（P < 0.0001）。
本研究表明，长期给予生酮饮食对总胆固醇水平高的肥胖受试者有益。此外，本研究表明，低碳水化合物饮食在总胆固醇水平高的肥胖受试者和胆固醇正常的受试者中较长时间使用是安全的。
