Teramura A H, Sullivan J H, Ziska L H
Department of Botany, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742.
Plant Physiol. 1990 Oct;94(2):470-5. doi: 10.1104/pp.94.2.470.
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv Bannock), rice (Oryza sativa L. cv IR-36), and soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr cv Essex) were grown in a factorial greenhouse experiment to determine if CO(2)-induced increases in photosynthesis, biomass, and yield are modified by increases in ultraviolet (UV)-B radiation corresponding to stratospheric ozone depletion. The experimental conditions simulated were: (a) an increase in CO(2) concentration from 350 to 650 microliters per liter; (b) an increase in UV-B radiation corresponding to a 10% ozone depletion at the equator; and (c) a and b in combination. Seed yield and total biomass increased significantly with elevated CO(2) in all three species when compared to the control. However, with concurrent increases in UV-B and CO(2), no increase in either seed yield (wheat and rice) or total biomass (rice) was observed with respect to the control. In contrast, CO(2)-induced increases in seed yield and total plant biomass were maintained or increased in soybean within the elevated CO(2), UV-B environment. Whole leaf gas exchange indicated a significant increase in photosynthesis, apparent quantum efficiency (AQE) and water-use-efficiency (WUE) with elevated CO(2) in all 3 species. Including elevated UV-B radiation with high CO(2) eliminated the effect of high CO(2) on photosynthesis and WUE in rice and the increase in AQE associated with high CO(2) in all species. Elevated CO(2) did not change the apparent carboxylation efficiency (ACE) in the three species although the combination of elevated CO(2) and UV-B reduced ACE in wheat and rice. The results of this experiment illustrate that increased UV-B radiation may modify CO(2)-induced increases in biomass, seed yield and photosynthetic parameters and suggest that available data may not adequately characterize the potential effect of future, simultaneous changes in CO(2) concentration and UV-B radiation.
在一项析因温室试验中种植了小麦（普通小麦品种班诺克）、水稻（亚洲栽培稻品种IR - 36）和大豆（大豆品种埃塞克斯），以确定平流层臭氧消耗导致的紫外线B（UV - B）辐射增加是否会改变二氧化碳（CO₂）诱导的光合作用、生物量和产量的增加。模拟的实验条件为：（a）CO₂浓度从350微升/升增加到650微升/升；（b）UV - B辐射增加相当于赤道处臭氧消耗10%的情况；（c）a和b同时存在。与对照相比，所有三个物种在CO₂浓度升高时种子产量和总生物量均显著增加。然而，当UV - B和CO₂同时增加时，与对照相比，未观察到种子产量（小麦和水稻）或总生物量（水稻）增加。相反，在CO₂浓度升高、UV - B环境下，大豆中CO₂诱导的种子产量和总植物生物量的增加得以维持或增加。全叶气体交换表明，所有三个物种在CO₂浓度升高时光合作用、表观量子效率（AQE）和水分利用效率（WUE）均显著增加。在高CO₂条件下加入升高的UV - B辐射消除了高CO₂对水稻光合作用和WUE的影响以及所有物种中与高CO₂相关的AQE增加。尽管CO₂浓度升高和UV - B共同作用降低了小麦和水稻的表观羧化效率（ACE），但CO₂浓度升高并未改变这三个物种的表观羧化效率。该实验结果表明，增加的UV - B辐射可能会改变CO₂诱导的生物量、种子产量和光合参数的增加，并表明现有数据可能无法充分描述未来CO₂浓度和UV - B辐射同时变化的潜在影响。
