Institute of Biological Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Ceredigion, Wales, SY23 3DA, UK.
Ambio. 2012;41 Suppl 3(Suppl 3):256-68. doi: 10.1007/s13280-012-0311-4.
This study investigated the effects of long-term-enhanced UV-B, and combined UV-B with elevated CO(2) on dwarf shrub berry characteristics in a sub-arctic heath community. Germination of Vaccinium myrtillus was enhanced in seeds produced at elevated UV-B, but seed numbers and berry size were unaffected. Elevated UV-B and CO(2) stimulated the abundance of V. myrtillus berries, whilst UV-B alone stimulated the berry abundance of V. vitis-idaea and Empetrum hermaphroditum. Enhanced UV-B reduced concentrations of several polyphenolics in V. myrtillus berries, whilst elevated CO(2) increased quercetin glycosides in V. myrtillus, and syringetin glycosides and anthocyanins in E. hermaphroditum berries. UV-B × CO(2) interactions were found for total anthocyanins, delphinidin-3-hexoside and peonidin-3-pentosidein in V. myrtillus berries but not E. hermaphroditum. Results suggest positive impacts of UV-B on the germination of V. myrtillus and species-specific impacts of UV-B × elevated CO(2) on berry abundance and quality. The findings have relevance and implications for human and animal consumers plus seed dispersal and seedling establishment.
本研究调查了长期增强的 UV-B 以及与升高的 CO2 相结合对北极苔原灌丛浆果特征的影响。在升高的 UV-B 下，Vaccinium myrtillus 的种子萌发增强，但种子数量和浆果大小不受影响。升高的 UV-B 和 CO2 刺激了 V. myrtillus 浆果的丰度，而单独的 UV-B 刺激了 V. vitis-idaea 和 Empetrum hermaphroditum 的浆果丰度。增强的 UV-B 降低了 V. myrtillus 浆果中几种多酚的浓度，而升高的 CO2 增加了 V. myrtillus 中的槲皮苷糖苷，以及 E. hermaphroditum 浆果中的丁香酰化糖苷和花青素。在 V. myrtillus 浆果中发现了 UV-B×CO2 相互作用，总花青素、矢车菊素-3-己糖苷和芍药素-3-戊糖苷，但在 E. hermaphroditum 浆果中没有。结果表明，UV-B 对 V. myrtillus 的萌发有积极影响，而 UV-B×升高的 CO2 对浆果丰度和质量有特定的影响。这些发现对人类和动物消费者以及种子传播和幼苗建立具有相关性和意义。
