AORN J. 2006 Apr;83(4):936-42. doi: 10.1016/s0001-2092(06)60012-4.
AORN believes all health care organizations must strive to create a culture of safety. Such a culture will provide an atmosphere where all members of the perioperative team can openly discuss errors, process improvements, or system issues without fear of reprisal. A culture of safety places an emphasis on flexibility and learning as a means of improving safety and reducing errors. Characteristics of a culture of safety include the following: communication is open and honest; the emphasis is on the team rather than the individual; standards and practices are developed in a multidisciplinary framework; staff members are helpful and supportive of each other; staff members trust each other; surgical team members have a friendly, open relationship emphasizing credibility and attentiveness; the environment is resilient, encourages creativity, and is patient outcomes-driven; the focus is on work flow and process; and these attributes are supported by an informed culture that learns from incidents and near misses. A commitment to safety must be articulated at all levels of the organization. Safety must be valued as the top priority, even at the expense of efficiency. Health care organizations must allocate an appropriate amount of resources and provide the necessary incentives or rewards to promote a robust patient safety culture. AORN recognizes that most patient safety initiatives will fail in the absence of a viable safety culture.
美国手术室注册护士协会认为，所有医疗保健机构都必须努力营造一种安全文化。这样的文化将营造一种氛围，使围手术期团队的所有成员都能公开讨论错误、流程改进或系统问题，而不必担心遭到报复。安全文化强调灵活性和学习，将其作为提高安全性和减少错误的一种手段。安全文化的特点包括：沟通开放且诚实；重点是团队而非个人；标准和实践在多学科框架内制定；工作人员相互帮助和支持；工作人员相互信任；手术团队成员建立友好、开放的关系，强调可信度和专注度；环境具有韧性，鼓励创造力，并以患者结果为导向；重点是工作流程和过程；并且这些属性得到一种明智文化的支持，该文化从事件和未遂事件中吸取教训。必须在组织的各级明确表达对安全的承诺。即使以效率为代价，安全也必须被视为首要任务。医疗保健机构必须分配适量的资源，并提供必要的激励或奖励，以促进强大的患者安全文化。美国手术室注册护士协会认识到，在缺乏可行的安全文化的情况下，大多数患者安全倡议都将失败。
