载脂蛋白B mRNA编辑酶催化多肽样3胞嘧啶脱氨酶的多方面抗病毒作用。

Multifaceted antiviral actions of APOBEC3 cytidine deaminases.

作者信息

Chiu Ya-Lin, Greene Warner C

机构信息

Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94141-9100, USA.

出版信息

Trends Immunol. 2006 Jun;27(6):291-7. doi: 10.1016/j.it.2006.04.003. Epub 2006 May 4.

DOI:10.1016/j.it.2006.04.003

PMID:16678488

Abstract

To defend against external pathogens, metazoan organisms have evolved numerous defenses that generally fall within the innate and adaptive immune responses. Considerable effort continues to focus on developing a vaccine to manipulate the adaptive immune system to protect against or control HIV-1. However, recent advances in our understanding of the innate immune system have revealed that cells have a potent intrinsic antiretroviral defense in the form of APOBEC3G, which is a member of a larger family of cytidine deaminases that are active against HIV-1 and other retroviruses. Insights into how the action of A3G is circumvented by HIV-1 through the action of its Vif protein, and the surprising mechanisms by which A3G is regulated within the cell, offer exciting new opportunities for developing novel anti-HIV-1 therapies that exploit this intrinsic antiretroviral system.

摘要

为抵御外部病原体，后生动物进化出了多种防御机制，这些机制通常可分为固有免疫反应和适应性免疫反应。人们持续投入大量精力研发疫苗，以操控适应性免疫系统来预防或控制HIV-1。然而，我们对固有免疫系统认识的最新进展表明，细胞具有一种强大的内在抗逆转录病毒防御机制，其形式为载脂蛋白B mRNA编辑酶催化多肽样蛋白3G（APOBEC3G），它是一个更大的胞苷脱氨酶家族的成员，该家族对HIV-1和其他逆转录病毒具有活性。对于HIV-1如何通过其Vif蛋白的作用规避A3G的作用，以及A3G在细胞内被调控的惊人机制的深入了解，为开发利用这种内在抗逆转录病毒系统的新型抗HIV-1疗法提供了令人兴奋的新机会。