Ekstedt Mirjam, Söderström Marie, Akerstedt Torbjörn, Nilsson Jens, Søndergaard Hans-Peter, Aleksander Perski
National Institute of Psychosocial Factors and Health, Box 230, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden.
Scand J Work Environ Health. 2006 Apr;32(2):121-31. doi: 10.5271/sjweh.987.
The purpose of this study was to investigate sleep with polysomnography and self-ratings and the diurnal pattern of sleepiness and fatigue in a group suffering from severe occupational burnout.
Twelve white-collar workers on long-term sick leave (>3 months) and 12 healthy controls with high and low scores on the Shirom Melamed Burnout Questionnaire (SMBQ) were included. A 1-night polysomnographic recording (after habituation) was carried out at home, and sleepiness and mental fatigue were rated at different times of the day for weekdays and the weekend. Precipitating factors at the time of the illness at work and real life were considered, and different dimensions of occupational fatigue were described. A repeated-measures analysis of variance using two or three within group factors was used to analyze the data.
The main polysomnographic findings were more arousals and sleep fragmentation, more wake time and stage-1 sleep, lower sleep efficiency, less slow wave sleep and rapid eye movement sleep, and a lower delta power density in non-rapid eye movement sleep in the burnout group. The burnout patients showed pronounced sleepiness and mental fatigue at most times of the day for weekdays without reduction during weekends. The precipitating factor was occupational stress (psychiatric interview), and work stress indicators were increased.
Occupational burnout is characterized by impaired sleep. It is suggested that impaired sleep may play a role in the development of fatigue or exhaustion in burnout.
本研究旨在通过多导睡眠图和自我评估来调查一组患有严重职业倦怠的人群的睡眠情况，以及嗜睡和疲劳的昼夜模式。
纳入12名长期病假（>3个月）的白领工人以及12名在希罗姆·梅拉梅德职业倦怠问卷（SMBQ）上得分高低不同的健康对照者。在家中进行1晚的多导睡眠图记录（适应后），并在工作日和周末的不同时间段对嗜睡和精神疲劳进行评分。考虑了工作和现实生活中患病时的诱发因素，并描述了职业疲劳的不同维度。使用两到三个组内因素的重复测量方差分析来分析数据。
多导睡眠图的主要发现是觉醒和睡眠碎片化增加、清醒时间和1期睡眠增加、睡眠效率降低、慢波睡眠和快速眼动睡眠减少，以及职业倦怠组非快速眼动睡眠中的δ功率密度降低。职业倦怠患者在工作日的大部分时间都表现出明显的嗜睡和精神疲劳，周末也没有减轻。诱发因素是职业压力（精神科访谈），工作压力指标增加。
职业倦怠的特征是睡眠受损。提示睡眠受损可能在职业倦怠中疲劳或疲惫的发展中起作用。
