Hoyert Donna L, Heron Melonie P, Murphy Sherry L, Kung Hsiang-Ching
U.S. Department OF Health AND Human Services National Center for Health Statistics, Hyattsville, MD 20782, USA.
Natl Vital Stat Rep. 2006 Apr 19;54(13):1-120.
This report presents final 2003 data on U.S. deaths; death rates; life expectancy; infant and maternal mortality; and trends by selected characteristics such as age, sex, Hispanic origin, race, marital status, educational attainment, injury at work, State of residence, and cause of death. A previous report presented preliminary mortality data for 2003 and summarized key findings in the final data for 2003.
This report presents descriptive tabulations of information reported on death certificates, which are completed by funeral directors, attending physicians, medical examiners, and coroners. The original records are filed in the State registration offices. Statistical information is compiled into a national database through the Vital Statistics Cooperative Program of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's, National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS). Causes of death are processed in accordance with the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10).
In 2003, a total of 2,448,288 deaths were reported in the United States. The age-adjusted death rate was 832.7 deaths per 100,000 standard population, representing a decrease of 1.5 percent from the 2002 rate and a record low historical figure. Life expectancy at birth rose by 0.2 years to a record high of 77.5 years. Considering all deaths, age-specific death rates rose only for those 45-54 years and declined for the age groups 55-64 years, 65-74 years, 75-84 years, and 85 years and over. For the most part, the 15 leading causes of death in 2003 remained the same as in 2002. Heart disease and cancer continued to be the leading and second leading causes of death, together accounting for over half of all deaths. Homicide became the 15th leading cause in 2003, dropping from the 14th leading cause in 2002. Pneumonitis dropped out of the top 15 altogether, and Parkinson's disease entered the list as the 14th leading cause of death. The infant mortality rate in 2003 was 6.85 per 1,000 births.
Generally, mortality patterns in 2003 were consistent with long-term trends. Life expectancy in 2003 increased again to a new record level. The age-adjusted death rate declined to a record low historical figure. The infant mortality rate decreased significantly in 2003; except for 2002, it either decreased or remained level each successive year from 1958 to 2003.
本报告展示了2003年美国死亡情况的最终数据；死亡率；预期寿命；婴儿及孕产妇死亡率；以及按选定特征（如年龄、性别、西班牙裔血统、种族、婚姻状况、教育程度、工作场所受伤情况、居住州和死因）划分的趋势。之前的一份报告呈现了2003年的初步死亡率数据，并总结了2003年最终数据中的主要发现。
本报告展示了死亡证明上所报告信息的描述性表格，这些死亡证明由殡仪馆馆长、主治医生、法医和验尸官填写。原始记录存放在各州登记办公室。统计信息通过疾病控制和预防中心国家卫生统计中心（NCHS）的生命统计合作项目汇编成一个国家数据库。死因按照《国际疾病分类》第十版（ICD - 10）进行处理。
2003年，美国共报告了2448288例死亡。年龄调整后的死亡率为每10万标准人口832.7例死亡，比2002年的死亡率下降了1.5%，创历史最低纪录。出生时的预期寿命增加了0.2岁，达到创纪录的77.5岁。考虑所有死亡情况，特定年龄组的死亡率仅在45 - 54岁人群中上升，而在55 - 64岁、65 - 74岁、75 - 84岁以及85岁及以上年龄组中下降。2003年的15种主要死因在很大程度上与2002年相同。心脏病和癌症仍然是首要和第二大死因，共占所有死亡人数的一半以上。杀人案在2003年成为第15大死因，从2002年的第14大死因降至第15大死因。肺炎完全退出了前15大死因，帕金森病作为第14大死因进入榜单。2003年的婴儿死亡率为每1000例出生6.85例。
总体而言，2003年的死亡模式与长期趋势一致。2003年的预期寿命再次提高到新的纪录水平。年龄调整后的死亡率降至历史最低纪录。2003年婴儿死亡率显著下降；除2002年外，从1958年到2003年，婴儿死亡率逐年下降或保持稳定。
