Zablotska Iryna B, Gray Ronald H, Serwadda David, Nalugoda Fred, Kigozi Godfrey, Sewankambo Nelson, Lutalo Tom, Mangen Fred Wabwire, Wawer Maria
Department of Population and Family Health Sciences, Bloomberg School of Public Health, The Johns Hopkins University, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
AIDS. 2006 May 12;20(8):1191-6. doi: 10.1097/01.aids.0000226960.25589.72.
To examine the association between alcohol use and HIV acquisition.
We examined alcohol use before sex and incident HIV in a population-based cohort in Rakai, Uganda, between 1994 and 2002. Adjusted incidence rate ratios (adjIRR) of HIV acquisition and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated by Poisson multivariate regression. We also estimated adjusted prevalence rate ratios to assess the association between alcohol use and the number of sex partners and consistency of condom use.
In 6791 men and 8084 women HIV incidence was 1.4 per 100 person-years and 1.5 per 100 person-years, respectively. After adjustment for sociodemographic and behavioral factors, the risks of HIV when one partner consumed alcohol before sex were: adjIRR 1.67, 95% CI 1.17-2.40 among men, and adjIRR 1.40, 95% CI 1.02-1.92 among women, and when both partners consumed alcohol the risks were adjIRR 1.58, 95% CI 1.13-2.21 among men, and adjIRR 1.81, 95% CI 1.34-2.45 among women. Alcohol use was significantly associated with inconsistent condom use and multiple sexual partners in both sexes.
The use of alcohol before sex increases HIV acquisition. A reduction of alcohol use should be incorporated into HIV prevention programmes.
研究饮酒与感染艾滋病毒之间的关联。
我们对1994年至2002年间乌干达拉凯地区一个基于人群的队列中，性行为前饮酒情况及艾滋病毒感染情况进行了研究。通过泊松多变量回归估计艾滋病毒感染的调整发病率比（adjIRR）及95%置信区间（CI）。我们还估计了调整患病率比，以评估饮酒与性伴侣数量及避孕套使用一致性之间的关联。
在6791名男性和8084名女性中，艾滋病毒发病率分别为每100人年1.4例和每100人年1.5例。在对社会人口统计学和行为因素进行调整后，一方在性行为前饮酒时感染艾滋病毒的风险为：男性中adjIRR为1.67，95%CI为1.17 - 2.40；女性中adjIRR为1.40，95%CI为1.02 - 1.92。当双方都饮酒时，男性的风险为adjIRR为1.58，95%CI为1.13 - 2.21；女性的风险为adjIRR为1.81，95%CI为1.34 - 2.45。饮酒与男女双方不坚持使用避孕套及多个性伴侣均显著相关。
性行为前饮酒会增加感染艾滋病毒的风险。减少饮酒应纳入艾滋病毒预防计划。
