Greene D A, Naughton G A, Briody J N, Kemp A, Woodhead H
Centre of Physical Activity Across the Lifespan (CoPAAL), School of Exercise Science, Australian Catholic University, Strathfield NSW 2135, and Department Nuclear Medicine, The Children's Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia.
J Sci Med Sport. 2006 Jun;9(3):221-30. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2006.03.030. Epub 2006 May 11.
Bone adaptations to loading extend beyond mineral accrual to geometric markers of bone strength. Available technology and regional differences in cortical bone dictate how bone strength is reported. Examination of bone strength at two differentially-loaded skeletal sites using hip structure analysis (HSA) and bone strength index (BSI) is under-explored in adolescent sporting populations. The purpose of this study was to compare HSA at the femoral neck and BSI at the distal tibia in adolescent middle-distance runners and age- and gender-matched controls. Four groups of 20 adolescents aged 14-18 years were composed of male and female middle-distance runners, and male and female controls. Distal tibial BSI was calculated using data from dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Calculations for femoral neck strength were acquired from DXA-derived HSA software. Female athletes displayed greater distal tibial BSI than controls t(38)=3.4, p=0.002, but femoral neck bone measures did not differ. In males, no group differences were found at either the distal tibia or femoral neck. In conclusion, exposure to similar high training loads may advantage female adolescent athletes more than male adolescent athletes compared with less active peers in bone strength at the distal tibia.
骨骼对负荷的适应性不仅体现在矿物质积累上，还体现在骨骼强度的几何指标上。现有技术和皮质骨的区域差异决定了骨骼强度的报告方式。在青少年运动人群中，利用髋部结构分析（HSA）和骨强度指数（BSI）对两个不同负荷的骨骼部位的骨强度进行研究的还很少。本研究的目的是比较青少年中长跑运动员与年龄和性别匹配的对照组在股骨颈处的HSA和胫骨远端处的BSI。四组每组20名14 - 18岁的青少年，包括男女中长跑运动员以及男女对照组。胫骨远端BSI使用双能X线吸收法（DXA）和磁共振成像（MRI）数据进行计算。股骨颈强度的计算来自DXA衍生的HSA软件。女性运动员的胫骨远端BSI高于对照组，t(38)=3.4，p = 0.002，但股骨颈骨测量值无差异。在男性中，胫骨远端或股骨颈处均未发现组间差异。总之，与活动较少的同龄人相比，暴露于相似的高训练负荷下，女性青少年运动员在胫骨远端的骨强度方面可能比男性青少年运动员更具优势。
