Mitchell Roger E, Ash Sarah L, McClelland Jacquelyn W
Department of Psychology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27695-7650, USA.
Health Educ Behav. 2006 Jun;33(3):374-92. doi: 10.1177/1090198105276212.
Nutritional well-being among older adults is critical for maintaining health, increasing longevity, and decreasing the impact of chronic illness. However, few well-controlled studies have examined nutritional behavior change among low-income older adults. A prospective, controlled, randomized design examined a five session nutrition education module delivered to limited-resource older adults (N = 703) in Congregate Nutrition sites by Cooperative Extension agents. Experimental group participants were significantly more likely than control group participants to increase multivitamin use, to increase calcium supplement use, to read labels of dietary supplements, to carry a supplement and/or medication list, and to discuss such use with their health care professional. The study addresses weaknesses in the literature by using a theoretically derived education component, implementing the intervention within a setting regularly used by low-income older adults, employing randomized assignment to intervention and control conditions, and using hierarchical linear modeling to deal with "nested" data.
老年人的营养健康对于维持健康、延长寿命以及减轻慢性病的影响至关重要。然而，很少有严格控制的研究探讨低收入老年人的营养行为变化。一项前瞻性、对照、随机设计研究了由合作推广人员在集体营养场所向资源有限的老年人（N = 703）提供的五节营养教育课程。与对照组参与者相比，实验组参与者更有可能增加多种维生素的使用、增加钙补充剂的使用、阅读膳食补充剂标签、携带补充剂和/或药物清单，并与他们的医疗保健专业人员讨论此类使用情况。该研究通过使用理论推导的教育成分、在低收入老年人经常使用的环境中实施干预、采用随机分配到干预和对照条件以及使用分层线性模型来处理“嵌套”数据，解决了文献中的不足之处。
