Ciprandi G, Marseglia G L, Tosca M A
Dipartimento Patologie Testa-Collo, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria "San Martino", Genova, Italy.
Monaldi Arch Chest Dis. 2006 Mar;65(1):34-7. doi: 10.4081/monaldi.2006.583.
Specific immunotherapy (SIT) is the only treatment able to modify the natural history of the allergic subjects. Several aspects of the immunopathological response modified by SIT have been investigated; the first parameter historically studied was the production of allergen-specific antibodies. An increase of allergen-specific IgG4 and a decrease of IgE appear after SIT. A shift from Th2-polarized immune response toward Th1-oriented pattern has been reported after SIT. More recently, a crucial role for a subpopulation of T cells has been evidenced: T regulatory cells (Treg). Allergic patients have a defect of Tregs. SIT is able of inducing a specific Treg response. Sublingual immunotherapy is an alternative route of administration for SIT. Recent evidence shows that SLIT is also able of inducing a Treg response as detected by IL-10 production.
特异性免疫疗法（SIT）是唯一能够改变过敏患者自然病程的治疗方法。人们已经对SIT改变的免疫病理反应的几个方面进行了研究；历史上研究的第一个参数是过敏原特异性抗体的产生。SIT后，过敏原特异性IgG4增加，IgE减少。据报道，SIT后免疫反应从Th2极化模式向Th1主导模式转变。最近，已证明T细胞亚群发挥关键作用：调节性T细胞（Treg）。过敏患者存在Treg缺陷。SIT能够诱导特异性Treg反应。舌下免疫疗法是SIT的另一种给药途径。最近的证据表明，如通过白细胞介素-10产生所检测到的，舌下免疫疗法也能够诱导Treg反应。
