Semeiotica e Metodologia Medica I, Dipartimento di Medicina Interna, University Hospital San Martino, Genoa, Italy.
Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol. 2009 Oct-Dec;22(4 Suppl):9-12.
Specific immunotherapy (SIT) is the only treatment able to modify the natural history of allergic subjects. Several aspects of the immunopathological response modified by sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT), which is an alternative route of administration for SIT, have been investigated. A shift from Th2-polarized immune response toward Th1-oriented pattern has been reported after SLIT. More recently, a crucial role for a subpopulation of T cells has been evidenced: T regulatory cells (Treg). Allergic patients have a defect of Tregs, and SLIT should be able to induce a specific Treg response. This issue is very relevant as the Treg-dependent cytokines, namely IL-10 and TGF-beta, are involved in the regulation of IgG and IgA antibodies production. Recent evidence shows that SLIT is also able of inducing a Treg response as detected by IL-10 production. IFNgamma is a typical Th1-dependent cytokine. SLIT may induce a significantly increased production of this cytokine and it may be considered as an early marker of SLIT response. Therefore, also SLIT is able of exerting the effects on immune response as well as the subcutaneous route.
特异性免疫治疗（SIT）是唯一能够改变过敏患者自然病程的治疗方法。已经研究了舌下免疫治疗（SLIT）改变免疫病理反应的几个方面，SLIT 是 SIT 的另一种给药途径。据报道，SLIT 后 Th2 极化免疫反应向 Th1 定向模式转变。最近，已经证明 T 调节细胞（Treg）在其中起着关键作用。过敏患者的 Treg 存在缺陷，SLIT 应该能够诱导特异性 Treg 反应。这个问题非常重要，因为 Treg 依赖性细胞因子，即 IL-10 和 TGF-β，参与调节 IgG 和 IgA 抗体的产生。最近的证据表明，SLIT 也能够诱导 IL-10 产生来检测 Treg 反应。IFNgamma 是一种典型的 Th1 依赖性细胞因子。SLIT 可能会诱导这种细胞因子的产生显著增加，并且可以被认为是 SLIT 反应的早期标志物。因此，SLIT 也能够像皮下途径一样对免疫反应产生影响。
