Kerkhoff B A, O'Connor T C F, Plant W D
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, UCC, Erinville Hospital, Western Road, Cork.
Ir Med J. 2006 Mar;99(3):78-80.
Women with functioning renal transplants are a high-risk group for de novo malignancies and other gynaecological health problems. The objective of this study was to assess patients' awareness of gynaecological issues, and to assess uptake of cervical and breast cancer screening services. A structured questionnaire on family planning, menopausal issues and knowledge/use of cervical and breast cancer screening was administered to 64 female renal transplant recipients. 58 (91%) responded to the questionnaire. Mean age at first transplantation was 35 years (range 11 - 69). 84% were aware as to why they should have regular cervical smears. 15 (26%) had, however, never had a smear and only 9 (16%) were having yearly smears. 12 of 28 postmenopausal women entered the menopause under the age of 41 years, but only 5 of these had received Hormone Replacement Therapy. Breast self examination is practiced by 71%, but only 26% have had mammograms. These figures suggest that female renal transplant patients are not adequately screened for cervical and breast cancer. The results also indicate a need for further education regarding family planning issues and menopausal health concerns. We conclude that formal gynaecological review should be routinely available for women with renal transplants.
接受肾移植且肾功能正常的女性是新发恶性肿瘤和其他妇科健康问题的高危人群。本研究的目的是评估患者对妇科问题的认知程度，并评估宫颈癌和乳腺癌筛查服务的接受情况。我们向64名女性肾移植受者发放了一份关于计划生育、更年期问题以及宫颈癌和乳腺癌筛查知识/使用情况的结构化问卷。58名（91%）患者回复了问卷。首次移植时的平均年龄为35岁（范围11 - 69岁）。84%的患者知道为什么要定期进行宫颈涂片检查。然而，15名（26%）患者从未进行过涂片检查，只有9名（16%）患者每年进行涂片检查。28名绝经后女性中有12名在41岁之前进入更年期，但其中只有5名接受了激素替代疗法。71%的患者进行乳房自我检查，但只有26%的患者进行过乳房X光检查。这些数据表明，女性肾移植患者没有得到充分的宫颈癌和乳腺癌筛查。结果还表明，需要就计划生育问题和更年期健康问题开展进一步教育。我们得出结论，应该为肾移植女性患者常规提供正规的妇科检查。
