Suresh Santhanam, Voronov Polina, Curran John
Department of Pediatric Anesthesiology, Children's Memorial Hospital, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60614, USA.
Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2006 May-Jun;31(3):211-4. doi: 10.1016/j.rapm.2005.11.017.
Infraorbital nerve blocks are performed in children undergoing cleft-lip surgery and endoscopic sinus surgery. The nerve exits the maxilla at the level of the infraorbital foramen. A sensory block of the infraorbital nerve can be performed by use of an intraoral route or an extraoral route. The objective of this study was to derive a mathematical formula to determine the position of the infraorbital foramen.
Computerized tomographic (CT) scans of children who were admitted to our institution for various reasons were evaluated with the assistance of a pediatric neuroradiologist. The distance of the foramen from the midline was determined, and a mixed-effects linear-regression model was used (PROC MIXED in SAS 9.1) to ascertain whether the distance of the infraorbital foramen correlated linearly with the age of the patient.
CT scans of 48 pediatric patients were evaluated. The age of the patient accounted for more than half of the variation in this model. Distance of the infraorbital foramen can be predicted by use of the following formula: [Distance of the infraorbital foramen (in mm) from midline = 21.3 + 0.5 x age (in years)].
Our study found a linear correlation with age to the distance of the infraorbital foramen. This anatomic knowledge of the location of the infraorbital foramen may facilitate correct positioning of the needle. Future studies on the use of this formula with anatomic coordinates should be performed to test the validity of this formula.
眶下神经阻滞用于唇裂修复手术和鼻内镜鼻窦手术的儿童患者。该神经在眶下孔水平穿出上颌骨。眶下神经感觉阻滞可通过口内途径或口外途径进行。本研究的目的是推导一个数学公式来确定眶下孔的位置。
在儿科神经放射科医生的协助下，对因各种原因入住我院的儿童进行计算机断层扫描（CT）评估。确定孔与中线的距离，并使用混合效应线性回归模型（SAS 9.1中的PROC MIXED）来确定眶下孔的距离是否与患者年龄呈线性相关。
对48例儿科患者的CT扫描进行了评估。患者年龄占该模型变异的一半以上。眶下孔的距离可通过以下公式预测：[眶下孔距中线的距离（单位：mm）=21.3 + 0.5×年龄（单位：岁）]。
我们的研究发现眶下孔距离与年龄呈线性相关。这种关于眶下孔位置的解剖学知识可能有助于针头的正确定位。未来应进行关于该公式与解剖坐标结合使用的研究，以检验该公式的有效性。
