Donoghue Philip C J, Purnell Mark A
Department of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Wills Memorial Building, Queen's Road, Bristol, UK, BS8 1RJ.
Trends Ecol Evol. 2005 Jun;20(6):312-9. doi: 10.1016/j.tree.2005.04.008.
Vertebrate evolution has been punctuated by three episodes of widespread gene or genome duplication, which have been linked with the origin of vertebrates, gnathostomes and teleosts, respectively. These three events coincide with bursts of character acquisition and increases in phenotypic complexity, and many researchers have suggested a causal relationship between the two. However, this pattern is derived from data for living taxa only; we argue here that, when fossils are taken into account, bursts of character acquisition disappear and gen(om)e duplication in vertebrate phylogeny can no longer be correlated with the origin of body plans. If patterns of character acquisition or morphological gaps between higher taxa are a reflection of phenotypic complexity, then more inclusive data sets incorporating fossil taxa provide no support for hypotheses linking gen(om)e duplications and the evolution of complexity in vertebrates.
脊椎动物的进化过程中有三次广泛的基因或基因组复制事件，它们分别与脊椎动物、有颌类和硬骨鱼的起源相关。这三个事件与性状获得的爆发以及表型复杂性的增加相吻合，许多研究人员认为两者之间存在因果关系。然而，这种模式仅来自现存分类群的数据；我们在此认为，当考虑到化石时，性状获得的爆发就会消失，脊椎动物系统发育中的基因（组）复制就不再能与身体结构的起源相关联。如果较高分类群之间的性状获得模式或形态学差异反映了表型复杂性，那么纳入化石分类群的更全面数据集并不支持将基因（组）复制与脊椎动物复杂性进化联系起来的假说。
