Ledin T, Kronhed A C, Möller C, Möller M, Odkvist L M, Olsson B
Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden.
J Vestib Res. 1990;1(2):129-38.
All persons aged 70 through 75 years (N = 457) in a Swedish community were invited to participate in a 9 week balance training study. Out of 55 interested subjects, 15 were chosen at random for a study group; 15 matched controls were also selected. Before and after the investigation period the balance function was assessed by clinical balance tests and dynamic posturography. In the clinical balance tests, the training group significantly improved their balance standing on one leg with eyes closed as well as standing on one leg while shaking the head; they also walked 15 m back and forth faster. In the dynamic posturography the training group significantly improved their equilibrium scores in the 3 most difficult test conditions. The results of the control group were unchanged except for one test condition in the dynamic posturography. The differences in one-leg standing with head shaking, walking 2 x 15 m, and the equilibrium score using sway-referenced platform in dynamic posturography were proved to be attributable to the training. The first investigation in all 29 subjects formed normative dynamic posturography data for the age group 70 through 75 years. The normative posturographic data of this age group differed from previously obtained data in the age groups 20 through 59 and 60 through 69 years. It is concluded that elderly may improve their balance by regular balance training exercises for as short a period as 9 weeks. This might prove to be of great value in improving balance and thereby preventing accidental falls and subsequent fractures in elderly.
瑞典一个社区邀请了所有70至75岁的人（N = 457）参加一项为期9周的平衡训练研究。在55名感兴趣的受试者中，随机选择15名组成研究组；还选择了15名匹配的对照组。在调查期前后，通过临床平衡测试和动态姿势描记法评估平衡功能。在临床平衡测试中，训练组在闭眼单腿站立以及摇头单腿站立时的平衡能力有显著提高；他们来回走15米的速度也更快。在动态姿势描记法中，训练组在3种最困难的测试条件下的平衡得分有显著提高。对照组的结果除了动态姿势描记法中的一个测试条件外没有变化。摇头单腿站立、来回走2×15米以及动态姿势描记法中使用摇摆参考平台的平衡得分差异被证明是由训练引起的。对所有29名受试者的首次调查形成了70至75岁年龄组的标准动态姿势描记法数据。该年龄组的标准姿势描记法数据与之前在20至59岁和60至69岁年龄组中获得的数据不同。结论是，老年人可能通过为期9周的定期平衡训练练习来改善他们的平衡。这可能对改善平衡从而预防老年人意外跌倒和随后的骨折具有重要价值。
