Andersson Asa G, Kamwendo Kitty, Seiger Ake, Appelros Peter
Department of Geriatrics, Orebro University Hospital, Orebro, Sweden.
J Rehabil Med. 2006 May;38(3):186-91. doi: 10.1080/16501970500478023.
The aim of this study was to describe general characteristics of patients with stroke who have a tendency to fall and to determine whether certain test instruments can identify fallers.
Patients treated in a stroke unit during a 12-month period were included. At inclusion assessments were made with Berg Balance Scale Berg Balance Scale, Stops Walking When Talking, Timed Up & Go (TUG) and diffTUG. At follow-up 6 or 12 months later, patients who had fallen were identified.
During the time from discharge to follow-up on 159 patients, 68 patients fell and 91 did not. Fallers fell more often during their initial hospital stay, used sedatives more often and were more visually impaired, compared with non-fallers. The Berg Balance Scale, Stops Walking When Talking and TUG results differed between fallers and non-fallers. The combined results of Berg Balance Scale and Stops Walking When Talking increased the possibility of identifying fallers.
Berg Balance Scale, Stops Walking When Talking and TUG can be used to evaluate which patients have a tendency to fall in order to carry out preventive measures. Berg Balance Scale can be used in all patients. Stops Walking When Talking can give additional information if the patient is able to walk. TUG is a possible choice, but fewer patients can perform it.
本研究旨在描述有跌倒倾向的中风患者的一般特征，并确定某些测试工具是否能够识别出有跌倒风险的患者。
纳入在中风单元接受治疗达12个月的患者。纳入时使用伯格平衡量表、边走边说测试、定时起立行走测试（TUG）和改良定时起立行走测试进行评估。在6或12个月后的随访中，确定跌倒的患者。
在159例患者从出院到随访期间，68例患者跌倒，91例未跌倒。与未跌倒者相比，跌倒者在住院初期跌倒更频繁，更常使用镇静剂，视力障碍更严重。跌倒者和未跌倒者在伯格平衡量表、边走边说测试和TUG测试结果上存在差异。伯格平衡量表和边走边说测试的综合结果增加了识别跌倒者的可能性。
伯格平衡量表、边走边说测试和TUG测试可用于评估哪些患者有跌倒倾向，以便采取预防措施。伯格平衡量表可用于所有患者。如果患者能够行走，边走边说测试可提供额外信息。TUG测试是一种可行的选择，但能够完成该测试的患者较少。
