Haley Hillary, Sidanius Jim
University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1563, USA.
Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2006 May;32(5):656-68. doi: 10.1177/0146167205283442.
Using a sample of 328 White, Latino, and Black Los Angeles County adults, the authors examined the tendency to employ various affirmative action "frames" (e.g., affirmative action as a "tie-breaking" device or as a quota-based policy). All three groups agreed about which frames cast affirmative action in a positive light and which cast it in a negative light. Although minorities had a tendency to frame affirmative action in terms that most people find morally acceptable, Whites had a tendency to frame affirmative action in terms most people find unacceptable. In addition, compared to minorities, Whites were less supportive of affirmative action regardless of how it was framed. LISREL modeling also was employed to test two competing models regarding predictors of the tendency to use frames that one personally finds to be relatively negative versus positive. Consistent with the expectations of social dominance theory and a motivated cognition perspective, the authors found that social dominance orientation (SDO) had significant net direct and indirect effects on one's framing of affirmative action.
作者以328名洛杉矶县的白人、拉丁裔和黑人成年人为样本，研究了采用各种平权行动“框架”（例如，将平权行动视为“打破平局”的手段或基于配额的政策）的倾向。对于哪些框架将平权行动描绘成正面形象，哪些描绘成负面形象，所有三个群体的看法一致。尽管少数群体倾向于用大多数人在道德上可接受的方式来构建平权行动，但白人倾向于用大多数人认为不可接受的方式来构建平权行动。此外，与少数群体相比，无论平权行动如何构建，白人对其支持度都较低。作者还采用线性结构关系模型（LISREL）来检验两个相互竞争的模型，这两个模型涉及个人认为相对负面与正面的框架使用倾向的预测因素。与社会支配理论和动机性认知观点的预期一致，作者发现社会支配取向（SDO）对一个人构建平权行动的方式有显著的净直接和间接影响。
