Chatkin J M, Abreu C M, Blanco D C, Tonietto R, Scaglia N, Wagner M B, Fritscher C C
Department of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2006 May;10(5):499-503.
The clinical effectiveness of pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation in real-life settings has yet to be evaluated.
To assess the effectiveness of bupropion in general clinical practice for smoking cessation and to identify predictors of failure.
In an open, non-randomised study, smokers were recruited at the Smoking Cessation Clinics, Hospital Sao Lucas, Porto Alegre, Brazil. Subjects participated in a motivational group meeting, completed a standardised questionnaire and Fagerstrom test, and had their vital signs and exhaled CO registered. All participants received a prescription of bupropion and the same cognitive behaviour therapy. They attended eight weekly individual sessions, then monthly until the sixth month and a final session at month 12. The primary outcome measure was the rate of abstinence at 12 months. The predictor factors studied were sex, age, educational level, nicotine dependence, previous attempts and comorbidities.
Among 253 smokers (62.5% females), abstinence rates at 6 months were 20.8% for males and 22.7% for females. The success rates dropped to 13.9% and 14.3% for males and females, respectively.
Cognitive therapy plus bupropion for smoking cessation in real-life clinics in Brazil were similar to the efficacy found in clinical trials. No significant gender differences in success rates were found.
现实生活环境中药物疗法戒烟的临床效果尚未得到评估。
评估安非他酮在一般临床实践中戒烟的有效性，并确定失败的预测因素。
在一项开放性、非随机研究中，吸烟者在巴西阿雷格里港圣卢卡斯医院戒烟诊所招募。受试者参加了一次动机性小组会议，完成了一份标准化问卷和Fagerstrom测试，并记录了他们的生命体征和呼出的一氧化碳。所有参与者都接受了安非他酮处方和相同的认知行为疗法。他们每周参加八次个人治疗，然后每月一次，直到第六个月，在第12个月进行最后一次治疗。主要结局指标是12个月时的戒烟率。研究的预测因素包括性别、年龄、教育水平、尼古丁依赖、既往尝试和合并症。
在253名吸烟者（62.5%为女性）中，男性6个月时的戒烟率为20.8%，女性为22.7%。男性和女性的成功率分别降至13.9%和14.3%。
在巴西现实生活中的诊所，认知疗法加安非他酮戒烟的效果与临床试验中发现的效果相似。未发现成功率有显著性别差异。
