Gerhard Walter, Mozdzanowska Krystyna, Zharikova Darya
The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-4268, USA.
Emerg Infect Dis. 2006 Apr;12(4):569-74. doi: 10.3201/eid1204.051020.
The current vaccination strategy against influenza A and B viruses is vulnerable to the unanticipated emergence of epidemic strains that are poorly matched by the vaccine. A vaccine that is less sensitive to the antigenic evolution of the virus would be a major improvement. The general feasibility of this goal is supported by studies in animal models that show that immunologic activities directed against relatively invariant viral determinants can reduce illness and death. The most promising approaches are based on antibodies specific for the relatively conserved ectodomain of matrix protein 2 and the intersubunit region of hemagglutinin. However, additional conserved determinants for protective antibodies are likely to exist, and their identification should be encouraged. Most importantly, infection and current vaccines do not appear to effectively induce these antibodies in humans. This finding provides a powerful rationale for testing the protective activity of these relatively conserved viral components in humans.
当前针对甲型和乙型流感病毒的疫苗接种策略易受疫苗匹配性差的流行毒株意外出现的影响。对病毒抗原进化不太敏感的疫苗将是一项重大改进。动物模型研究支持了这一目标的总体可行性，这些研究表明，针对相对不变的病毒决定簇的免疫活性可以减少疾病和死亡。最有前景的方法基于针对基质蛋白2相对保守的胞外域和血凝素亚基间区域的特异性抗体。然而，可能还存在其他用于保护性抗体的保守决定簇，应鼓励对其进行鉴定。最重要的是，感染和现有疫苗似乎无法在人体内有效诱导这些抗体。这一发现为在人体中测试这些相对保守的病毒成分的保护活性提供了有力的理论依据。
