Burns D N, Kramer A, Yellin F, Fuchs D, Wachter H, DiGioia R A, Sanchez W C, Grossman R J, Gordin F M, Biggar R J
Department of Medicine, VA Medical Center, Washington, D.C.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr (1988). 1991;4(1):76-83.
Two hundred and two homosexual men enrolled in a prospective cohort study of AIDS risk were assessed for differences in the occurrence and progression of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection with respect to cigarette smoking. Among subjects who were initially seronegative, smokers were more likely than nonsmokers to become HIV-1 seropositive (p = 0.03). After seroconversion, serum beta 2-microglobulin and CD4+ lymphocyte levels were elevated in cigarette smokers relative to nonsmokers (p = 0.02 for both comparisons), but both of these differences disappeared within 2 years. There was no detectable difference in the risk of AIDS or Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia with respect to smoking. Our data suggest that cigarette smoking may alter the immune response to HIV-1 infection, but it appears to have no marked effect on clinical outcome. They also suggest that cigarette smoking may be a surrogate marker for continued high-risk sexual behavior in homosexual men.
202名参与艾滋病风险前瞻性队列研究的男同性恋者接受了评估，以确定吸烟在1型人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV-1）感染的发生和进展方面的差异。在最初血清学阴性的受试者中，吸烟者比不吸烟者更易出现HIV-1血清学阳性（p = 0.03）。血清转化后，吸烟者的血清β2-微球蛋白和CD4 +淋巴细胞水平相对于不吸烟者有所升高（两项比较p均 = 0.02），但这两种差异在2年内均消失。在艾滋病或卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎风险方面，吸烟与否无明显差异。我们的数据表明，吸烟可能会改变对HIV-1感染的免疫反应，但似乎对临床结果无显著影响。数据还表明，吸烟可能是男同性恋者持续高风险性行为的替代标志物。
