Matthiessen Birte, Hillebrand Helmut
Ecol Lett. 2006 Jun;9(6):652-62. doi: 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2006.00916.x.
Dispersal is a major factor regulating the number of coexisting species, but the relationship between species diversity and ecosystem processes has mainly been analysed for communities closed to dispersal. We experimentally investigated how initial local diversity and dispersal frequency affect local diversity and biomass production in open benthic microalgal metacommunities. Final local species richness and local biomass production were strongly influenced by dispersal frequency but not by initial local diversity. Both final local richness and final local biomass showed a hump-shaped pattern with increasing dispersal frequency, with a maximum at intermediate dispersal frequencies. Consequently, final local biomass increased linearly with increasing final richness. We conclude that the general relationship between richness and ecosystem functioning remains valid in open systems, but the maintenance of ecosystem processes significantly depends on the effects of dispersal on species richness and local interactions.
扩散是调节共存物种数量的一个主要因素，但物种多样性与生态系统过程之间的关系主要是针对扩散受限的群落进行分析的。我们通过实验研究了初始局部多样性和扩散频率如何影响开放底栖微藻集合群落中的局部多样性和生物量生产。最终的局部物种丰富度和局部生物量生产受扩散频率的强烈影响，而不受初始局部多样性的影响。最终的局部丰富度和最终的局部生物量均呈现出随着扩散频率增加而呈驼峰状的模式，在中等扩散频率时达到最大值。因此，最终的局部生物量随着最终丰富度的增加而线性增加。我们得出结论，丰富度与生态系统功能之间的一般关系在开放系统中仍然成立，但生态系统过程的维持显著取决于扩散对物种丰富度和局部相互作用的影响。
