Robbins Lorraine B, Gretebeck Kimberlee A, Kazanis Anamaria S, Pender Nola J
College of Nursing, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824-1317, USA.
Nurs Res. 2006 May-Jun;55(3):206-16. doi: 10.1097/00006199-200605000-00007.
Because physical inactivity poses serious health risks, interventions are urgently needed to reverse the increasingly sedentary lifestyles of adolescent girls.
The aim of this study was to determine the feasibility of "Girls on the Move," an individually tailored computerized physical activity (PA) program plus nurse counseling intervention, in increasing PA.
A pretest-posttest control group design was used with 77 racially diverse sedentary girls in Grades 6, 7, and 8 from two middle schools. Each of the instructional grades was randomly assigned to either an intervention or control condition. After completing computerized questionnaires, each girl in the control group received a handout listing the PA recommendations. To encourage PA, each girl in the intervention group received computerized, individually tailored feedback messages based on her responses to the questionnaires, individual counseling from the school's pediatric nurse practitioner (PNP), and telephone calls and mailings from a trained research assistant. At 12 weeks, girls in both groups responded to the questionnaires.
No differences in self-reported PA emerged between the intervention and control groups at Weeks 1 (baseline) and 12 (postintervention). Repeated measures ANOVA showed a significant interaction between group and time for social support for PA, F(1, 69) = 5.73, p = .019, indicating that the intervention group had significantly greater social support across time than did the control group. From baseline to postintervention, social support increased for the intervention group but decreased for the control group.
Reasons for the lack of significant differences between the groups on the PA measures were cited. Important information that could inform subsequent studies that test interventions to increase youth PA was acquired from conducting this study. Future efforts to increase PA participation might include this approach for enhancing social support for PA.
由于缺乏身体活动会带来严重的健康风险，因此迫切需要采取干预措施来扭转青少年女孩日益久坐不动的生活方式。
本研究的目的是确定“行动起来的女孩”这一个性化定制的计算机化体育活动（PA）计划加护士咨询干预措施在增加PA方面的可行性。
采用前测-后测对照组设计，研究对象为来自两所中学的77名6至8年级不同种族的久坐不动女孩。每个教学年级被随机分配到干预组或对照组。在完成计算机化问卷后，对照组的每个女孩都收到一份列出PA建议的资料。为了鼓励PA，干预组的每个女孩根据其对问卷的回答收到计算机化的个性化反馈信息，接受学校儿科执业护士（PNP）的个别咨询，以及来自训练有素的研究助理的电话和邮件。在第12周时，两组女孩都对问卷进行了回复。
在第1周（基线）和第12周（干预后），干预组和对照组在自我报告的PA方面没有差异。重复测量方差分析显示，在PA的社会支持方面，组间和时间之间存在显著的交互作用，F(1, 69) = 5.73，p = .019，表明干预组在整个时间段内的社会支持显著高于对照组。从基线到干预后，干预组的社会支持增加，而对照组的社会支持减少。
文中列举了两组在PA测量上缺乏显著差异的原因。通过开展本研究，获得了可为后续测试增加青少年PA的干预措施的研究提供参考的重要信息。未来增加PA参与度的努力可能包括采用这种增强PA社会支持的方法。
