Rozengurt Enrique
Division of Digestive Diseases and CURE: Digestive Diseases Research Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1786, USA.
Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2006 Aug;291(2):G171-7. doi: 10.1152/ajpgi.00073.2006. Epub 2006 May 18.
Molecular sensing by gastrointestinal (GI) cells plays a critical role in the control of multiple fundamental functions in digestion and also initiates hormonal and/or neural pathways leading to the regulation of caloric intake, pancreatic insulin secretion, and metabolism. Molecular sensing in the GI tract is also responsible for the detection of ingested harmful drugs and toxins, thereby initiating responses critical for survival. The initial recognition events and mechanism(s) involved remain incompletely understood. The notion to be discussed in this article is that there are important similarities between the chemosensory machinery elucidated in specialized neuroepithelial taste receptor cells of the lingual epithelium and the molecular transducers localized recently in enteroendocrine open GI cells that sense the chemical composition of the luminal contents of the gut.
胃肠道（GI）细胞的分子传感在消化过程中多种基本功能的控制中起着关键作用，并且还启动导致热量摄入、胰腺胰岛素分泌和新陈代谢调节的激素和/或神经通路。胃肠道中的分子传感还负责检测摄入的有害药物和毒素，从而引发对生存至关重要 的反应。所涉及的初始识别事件和机制仍未完全了解。本文要讨论的观点是，在舌上皮的特殊神经上皮味觉受体细胞中阐明的化学传感机制与最近定位在肠内分泌开放型胃肠道细胞中的分子传感器之间存在重要的相似性，这些细胞能够感知肠道腔内内容物的化学成分。
