青少年个人及家庭吸烟习惯作为喘息的风险因素

Individual and family household smoking habits as risk factors for wheezing among adolescents.

作者信息

Morfín-Maciel Blanca, Barragán-Meijueiro María de Las Mercedes, Nava-Ocampo Alejandro A

机构信息

Hospital Mocel, Gelati #29-304, San Miguel Chapultepec, México DF 11850, México.

出版信息

Prev Med. 2006 Aug;43(2):98-100. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2006.04.002. Epub 2006 May 19.

DOI:10.1016/j.ypmed.2006.04.002

PMID:16712911

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The study aimed to evaluate the household smoking habits as risk factors for wheezing in adolescents.

METHODS

During a 2-month period, the study was performed by applying the standardized ISAAC phase 1 questionnaire to 3474 adolescents attending a random sample of secondary public schools located at the southeast of Mexico City. Adolescents were grouped as "cases" if they had at least one episode of wheezing in the year prior to the study, or as "controls" if they did not. Positive individual and family (father, mother or other persons living in the home) smoking habits at home were evaluated as potential risk factors.

RESULTS

More than 98% of respondents in the two groups reported that the father smoked in the house. More mothers who smoked were reported among cases than controls (OR 2.42; 95% CI 1.60-3.68). More adolescents in the group of cases had history of ever having rhinitis, rash or wheezing. Fifty-four percent of adolescents in the group of cases had ever smoked versus 38.8% of controls (OR 1.89; 95% CI 1.33-2.67). Sex-adjusted logistic regression analysis identified a "protective" role for wheezing when the number of smokers at home was < or =2 (OR 0.44; 95% CI 0.27-0.71).

CONCLUSION

Individual, maternal and other family members' indoor smoking habits may increase the risk of wheezing among adolescents.

摘要

背景

本研究旨在评估家庭吸烟习惯作为青少年喘息的风险因素。

方法

在为期2个月的时间里，通过对墨西哥城东南部随机抽取的几所公立中学的3474名青少年应用标准化的国际儿童哮喘及变应性疾病研究（ISAAC）第一阶段问卷进行研究。如果青少年在研究前一年至少有一次喘息发作，则将其归为“病例组”；如果没有，则归为“对照组”。在家中个人和家庭（父亲、母亲或其他居住在家中的人）的阳性吸烟习惯被评估为潜在风险因素。

结果

两组中超过98%的受访者表示父亲在家中吸烟。病例组中报告吸烟的母亲比对照组多（比值比[OR]2.42；95%置信区间[CI]1.60 - 3.68）。病例组中有更多青少年有鼻炎、皮疹或喘息病史。病例组中有54%的青少年曾经吸烟，而对照组为38.8%（OR 1.89；95% CI 1.33 - 2.67）。经性别调整的逻辑回归分析发现，当家中吸烟者数量≤2时，对喘息有“保护”作用（OR 0.44；95% CI 0.27 - 0.71）。