Kogel Karl-Heinz, Franken Philipp, Hückelhoven Ralph
Interdisciplinary Research Centre for BioSystems, Landuse and Nutrition, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, Justus Liebig University Giessen, D-35392 Giessen, Germany.
Curr Opin Plant Biol. 2006 Aug;9(4):358-63. doi: 10.1016/j.pbi.2006.05.001. Epub 2006 May 18.
Symbiosis between a fungus and a plant is a widespread phenomenon in nature. The outcome of such an interaction can vary in a seamless manner from mutualism to parasitism. In most cases, the host plant does not suffer, in fact it often gains an advantage from colonization by a fungus. This benefit is based on a fine-tuned balance between the demands of the invader and the plant response. If the interaction becomes unbalanced, disease symptoms appear or the fungus is excluded by induced host defence reactions. Symbioses of plants with beneficial or neutral endophytes share many common attributes with plant interactions with pathogens. Recent findings emerging from studies of compatible host-fungus interactions have enhanced our understanding of what determines whether the fungus behaves as an endophyte or a parasite and of how plants avoid exploitation by detrimental parasites but benefit from mutualistic endophytes.
真菌与植物之间的共生是自然界中一种普遍存在的现象。这种相互作用的结果可以在从互利共生到寄生的连续范围内变化。在大多数情况下，寄主植物不会受到损害，实际上它常常因真菌的定殖而获得优势。这种益处基于入侵者的需求与植物反应之间的精确平衡。如果这种相互作用变得不平衡，就会出现疾病症状，或者真菌会被诱导的寄主防御反应排除。植物与有益或中性内生真菌的共生与植物与病原体的相互作用有许多共同特征。对寄主与真菌相容性相互作用的研究中出现的最新发现，增进了我们对决定真菌表现为内生真菌还是寄生虫的因素的理解，以及对植物如何避免被有害寄生虫利用但从互利共生的内生真菌中受益的理解。
