Schwegmann-Wessels C, Herrler G
Institute of Virology, Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover.
Dtsch Tierarztl Wochenschr. 2006 Apr;113(4):157-9.
About twenty years ago, a new coronavirus, porcine respiratory coronavirus (PRCoV), was detected in swine herds. This virus is related to transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV); however, it is not enteropathogenic but causes only minor respiratory symptoms. As PRCoV shares some epitopes for neutralizing antibodies with TGEV, it acts like a nature-made vaccine against TGEV resulting in a drastic reduction of TGE outbreaks in Europe. A major difference between the two porcine coronaviruses is a large deletion in the surface protein S gene of PRCoV. Because of this structural difference, TGEV but not PRCoV has a sialic acid binding activity that allows the attachment to mucins and mucin-type glycoproteins. The sialic acid binding activity may allow TGEV to overcome the mucus barrier in the gut and to get access to the intestinal epithelium for initiation of infection.
大约二十年前，在猪群中检测到一种新型冠状病毒——猪呼吸道冠状病毒（PRCoV）。这种病毒与传染性胃肠炎病毒（TGEV）有关；然而，它不是肠道致病性的，仅引起轻微的呼吸道症状。由于PRCoV与TGEV具有一些中和抗体的表位，它就像一种天然的抗TGEV疫苗，导致欧洲TGE疫情大幅减少。这两种猪冠状病毒之间的一个主要区别是PRCoV表面蛋白S基因有一个大的缺失。由于这种结构差异，TGEV具有唾液酸结合活性，而PRCoV没有，这种活性使TGEV能够附着于粘蛋白和粘蛋白型糖蛋白。唾液酸结合活性可能使TGEV克服肠道中的黏液屏障，进入肠道上皮引发感染。
