Healy Alice F, Wohldmann Erica L, Sutton Evan M, Bourne Lyle E
Department of Psychology, University of Colorado, Boulder, 80309-0345, USA.
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 2006 May;32(3):534-46. doi: 10.1037/0278-7393.32.3.534.
In 3 experiments, participants, on signal, moved a cursor from a central position to 1 of 8 numerically labeled locations on the circumference of a clock face. Movements were controlled by a mouse in 1 of 4 conditions: vertical reversal, horizontal reversal, combined reversals, or normal (i.e., no reversals). Participants were trained in 1, 2, or 3 of these conditions and were tested 1 week later with either the same or a different condition. There were improvements across training and perfect retention across the delay. There was little or no transfer, however, even when training involved combined reversals or multiple conditions. These results illustrate severe specificity of training and are interpreted in terms of acquired inhibition of normal responses.
在3项实验中，参与者听到信号后，将光标从中心位置移动到钟面圆周上8个标有数字的位置之一。在4种条件中的1种条件下，通过鼠标控制移动：垂直反转、水平反转、组合反转或正常（即无反转）。参与者在这些条件中的1种、2种或3种条件下接受训练，并在1周后用相同或不同的条件进行测试。训练过程中有进步，且在延迟期间能完美保持。然而，即使训练涉及组合反转或多种条件，迁移也很少或没有。这些结果说明了训练的高度特异性，并根据对正常反应的习得性抑制来解释。
