Sveinsdóttir Herdís, Olafsson Ragnar F
Faculty of Nursing, University of Iceland, Reykjavík.
J Adv Nurs. 2006 Jun;54(5):572-84. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2006.03862.x.
This paper is a report of a study conducted in 2004 on the determinants of attitudes towards hormone replacement therapy in the aftermath of the report on the findings of the Women's Health Initiative study.
The unexpected findings of the Women's Health Initiative study, published in July 2002, showed that the risk of using combined hormones exceeded their benefits. This complicated women's decision-making about hormone use and made it important to study the determinants of their attitudes to hormone therapy, as these are likely to influence their behaviour.
A cross-sectional design was conducted with a sample of 561 women drawn from the National Registry of Iceland. A self-administered questionnaire, measuring attitudes towards hormone replacement therapy, attitudes towards menopause, extent and source of menopausal education, symptom experience, health and lifestyle and knowledge about the findings of the Women's Health Initiative, was used. The overall response rate was 56%. Attitudes to hormone replacement therapy were compared using anova, t-tests and correlations.
Participants generally had positive attitudes. Knowledge about the Women's Health Initiative study was not associated with more negative attitudes. However, receiving the information from and discussing it with a doctor were associated with more positive attitudes. Positive attitudes towards hormone therapy were also associated with higher age, time since last menstrual period and current use of hormone replacement therapy. Negative attitudes were associated with use of natural remedies and receiving information from or discussing hormone therapy with family or friends.
Research is needed to identify the dynamics of the medical interview, and the nature of input from friends, spouse and other family members. The content of these messages may be different and conflicting, for example, between doctors and family members. The nature of this conflict and conflicts of interests need to be identified in order to inform women's decision-making. In addition, action needs to be taken in order to strengthen the advisory role of nurses.
本文是一项于2004年开展的研究报告，该研究旨在探讨在妇女健康倡议研究结果报告发布后，影响女性对激素替代疗法态度的因素。
2002年7月发表的妇女健康倡议研究的意外结果表明，联合使用激素的风险超过了其益处。这使得女性在激素使用方面的决策变得复杂，因此研究她们对激素疗法态度的决定因素很重要，因为这些因素可能会影响她们的行为。
采用横断面设计，从冰岛国家登记处抽取了561名女性作为样本。使用一份自填式问卷，该问卷测量了对激素替代疗法的态度、对更年期的态度、更年期教育的程度和来源、症状体验、健康和生活方式以及对妇女健康倡议研究结果的了解情况。总体回复率为56%。使用方差分析、t检验和相关性分析对激素替代疗法的态度进行比较。
参与者总体上持积极态度。对妇女健康倡议研究的了解与更消极的态度无关。然而，从医生那里获得信息并与医生讨论则与更积极的态度相关。对激素疗法的积极态度还与年龄较大、距上次月经的时间以及当前使用激素替代疗法有关。消极态度与使用天然疗法以及从家人或朋友那里获得信息或与他们讨论激素疗法有关。
需要开展研究以确定医疗问诊的动态过程，以及朋友、配偶和其他家庭成员提供信息的性质。例如，医生和家庭成员提供的这些信息内容可能不同且相互冲突。需要确定这种冲突的性质和利益冲突，以便为女性的决策提供参考。此外，需要采取行动以加强护士的咨询作用。
