Keele Brandon F, Van Heuverswyn Fran, Li Yingying, Bailes Elizabeth, Takehisa Jun, Santiago Mario L, Bibollet-Ruche Frederic, Chen Yalu, Wain Louise V, Liegeois Florian, Loul Severin, Ngole Eitel Mpoudi, Bienvenue Yanga, Delaporte Eric, Brookfield John F Y, Sharp Paul M, Shaw George M, Peeters Martine, Hahn Beatrice H
Departments of Medicine and Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
Science. 2006 Jul 28;313(5786):523-6. doi: 10.1126/science.1126531. Epub 2006 May 25.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), the cause of human acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), is a zoonotic infection of staggering proportions and social impact. Yet uncertainty persists regarding its natural reservoir. The virus most closely related to HIV-1 is a simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) thus far identified only in captive members of the chimpanzee subspecies Pan troglodytes troglodytes. Here we report the detection of SIVcpz antibodies and nucleic acids in fecal samples from wild-living P. t. troglodytes apes in southern Cameroon, where prevalence rates in some communities reached 29 to 35%. By sequence analysis of endemic SIVcpz strains, we could trace the origins of pandemic (group M) and nonpandemic (group N) HIV-1 to distinct, geographically isolated chimpanzee communities. These findings establish P. t. troglodytes as a natural reservoir of HIV-1.
人类免疫缺陷病毒1型（HIV-1）是人类获得性免疫缺陷综合征（AIDS）的病原体，是一种具有惊人规模和社会影响的人畜共患感染。然而，关于其天然宿主仍存在不确定性。与HIV-1关系最为密切的病毒是一种猿猴免疫缺陷病毒（SIV），迄今为止仅在黑猩猩亚种泛非洲大猩猩的圈养个体中发现。在此，我们报告在喀麦隆南部野生泛非洲大猩猩的粪便样本中检测到SIVcpz抗体和核酸，在一些群落中的流行率达到29%至35%。通过对地方性SIVcpz毒株的序列分析，我们能够将大流行的（M组）和非大流行的（N组）HIV-1的起源追溯到不同的、地理上隔离的黑猩猩群落。这些发现确立了泛非洲大猩猩为HIV-1的天然宿主。
