Brickle Paul, MacKenzie Ken, Pike Alan
Falkland Islands Government Fisheries Department, P.O. Box 598, Stanley, Falkland Islands FIQQ 1ZZ.
J Parasitol. 2006 Apr;92(2):282-91. doi: 10.1645/GE-539R.1.
The parasite fauna of Dissostichus eleginoides was examined from locations around the Falkland Islands. In total, of 11,362 individual parasites of 27 taxa were recovered from 105 fish. Two species, Ceratomyxa dissostichi and Sphaerospora dissostichi, represent new host records. The nematode Ascarophis nototheniae and the larval acanothocephalan Corynosoma bullosum were found to be new locality records and add to the knowledge of the biogeography and host specificity of parasites on the Patagonian Shelf. There were no significant differences in the mean abundance and prevalence of parasites recovered between sexes. Therefore, sex was not considered in further analysis and the data were pooled. Cysts of unknown etiology (CUE), the monogenean Neopavlovskioides georgianus, the larval acanthocephalan Corynosoma bullosum, and the digenean Neolepidapedon magnatestis had significant positive correlations with increasing host length. The larval Trypanorhynch cestode Grillotia erinaceus and the digenean Elytrophalloides oatesi showed significant negative correlations with increasing host length. CUEs, N. georgianus, the digenean Gonocerca physidis and E. oatesi showed statistically significant prevalence between summer, winter, and spring. The effect of depth on parasite communities was also examined, initially using a linear discriminant function analysis. The prevalence of individual parasites was then compared between depth strata using the chi-square test. The parasite communities on the shelf and deep water (> 1,000 m) were found to be different, whereas those caught at intermediate depths on the shelf slope were found to have parasite communities that were intermediate, containing a mixture of shelf and deeper-water parasites. The causes of the variations in parasite faunas in association with these intrinsic and extrinsic factors are discussed.
对福克兰群岛周边地区的小鳞犬牙南极鱼的寄生虫群落进行了检查。总共从105条鱼中采集到了27个分类单元的11362只个体寄生虫。两种寄生虫，Dissostichus eleginoides角孢子虫和Dissostichus eleginoides球孢虫，代表了新的宿主记录。线虫Nototheniae蛔线虫和幼虫棘头虫Corynosoma bullosum被发现是新的分布记录，增加了对巴塔哥尼亚大陆架上寄生虫生物地理学和宿主特异性的认识。所采集的寄生虫的平均丰度和感染率在性别之间没有显著差异。因此，在进一步分析中未考虑性别因素，而是将数据合并。病因不明的囊肿（CUE）、单殖吸虫Neopavlovskioides georgianus、幼虫棘头虫Corynosoma bullosum和复殖吸虫Neolepidapedon magnatestis与宿主长度增加呈显著正相关。幼虫锥吻绦虫Grillotia erinaceus和复殖吸虫Elytrophalloides oatesi与宿主长度增加呈显著负相关。CUEs、Neopavlovskioides georgianus、复殖吸虫Gonocerca physidis和Elytrophalloides oatesi在夏季、冬季和春季的感染率具有统计学显著差异。还研究了深度对寄生虫群落的影响，最初使用线性判别函数分析。然后使用卡方检验比较不同深度层中个体寄生虫的感染率。发现大陆架和深水（>1000米）区域的寄生虫群落不同，而在大陆架斜坡中间深度捕获的鱼类的寄生虫群落则处于中间状态，包含大陆架和深水寄生虫的混合。讨论了与这些内在和外在因素相关的寄生虫群落变化的原因。
