Muñoz G, Cortés Y
Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Valparaíso, Casilla 5080, Reñaca, Viña del Mar, Chile.
Parasitology. 2009 Sep;136(11):1291-303. doi: 10.1017/S0031182009990758. Epub 2009 Aug 3.
The different species of a fish assemblage can, to some extent, be similar in terms of their parasite communities, which can be associated with certain ecological host traits. This study compared the parasite community descriptors between temporal and resident fish species composing an intertidal assemblage from central Chile. Host specificity and similarity indices of parasite communities among the fish species were also considered. A total of 1097 fish representing 14 species were collected during spring and summer of 2 consecutive years. A total spectrum of 40 parasite species was found, of which copepods and trematodes were the commonest. Congeneric fish species had the highest similarities in their parasite communities. Based on a cluster analysis, using only some fish species, no group was distinguished using abundance or prevalence of parasites, because 50% of parasite species had high host specificity and only few of them were shared among fish species. Adult parasites showed high host specificity and were found mainly in resident intertidal fish, whereas the temporal fish had parasites with different degrees of specificity. Consequently, resident intertidal fish were characterized by their own parasite species, meaning that their transmissions might be restricted to the intertidal zone.
鱼类群落中的不同物种在一定程度上，其寄生虫群落可能相似，这可能与某些生态宿主特征相关。本研究比较了构成智利中部潮间带群落的临时鱼类物种和常驻鱼类物种之间的寄生虫群落描述符。还考虑了鱼类物种之间寄生虫群落的宿主特异性和相似性指数。在连续两年的春季和夏季共收集了代表14个物种的1097条鱼。共发现了40种寄生虫，其中桡足类和吸虫最为常见。同属鱼类物种的寄生虫群落相似度最高。基于聚类分析，仅使用部分鱼类物种，未根据寄生虫的丰度或感染率区分出任何组，因为50%的寄生虫物种具有高宿主特异性，且只有少数在鱼类物种之间共享。成年寄生虫表现出高宿主特异性，主要存在于潮间带常驻鱼类中，而临时鱼类的寄生虫具有不同程度的特异性。因此，潮间带常驻鱼类以其自身的寄生虫物种为特征，这意味着它们的传播可能局限于潮间带区域。
