Kivipelto L, Rubenstein J, Yang H Y, Panula P
Department of Anatomy, University of Helsinki, Finland.
J Comp Neurol. 1991 Feb 1;304(1):14-33. doi: 10.1002/cne.903040103.
FLFQPQRF-NH2 (F8Famide; FMRFamide-like peptide; morphine-modulating peptide) is a peptide isolated from bovine brain. It has some opiate analgesia modulating effects. In an adult rat central nervous system, F8Famide-like immunoreactivity is found in high concentrations in the posterior pituitary, hypothalamus, pons, medulla, and dorsal spinal cord. By using immunohistochemistry and radioimmunoassay, we studied the development of the F8Famide-immunoreactive system in the rat central nervous system during the ontogeny. F8Famide-immoreactive fibers and terminals first appeared in the median eminence on the twentieth embryonal day. Postnatally the F8Famide-immunoreactive system developed rapidly both in the brain and spinal cord, the immunoreactive structures having an adultlike distribution by the age of 1 week. A transient increase of the F8Famide-immunoreactive material was observed during the third and fourth postnatal weeks. By the age of 4 weeks, the F8Famide-containing neuronal system was adultlike both in distribution and quantity. The results suggest that the F8Famide-like peptides may act as neurotransmitters or neuromodulators from the time of their appearance in the brain and spinal cord. The early appearance and the distribution of the F8Famide-like immunoreactivity suggest that these peptides may participate, in addition to nociceptive mechanisms, in the regulation of blood pressure, feeding behaviour, and endocrine functions.
FLFQPQRF-NH2（F8F酰胺；类FMRF酰胺肽；吗啡调节肽）是一种从牛脑中分离出的肽。它具有一些阿片类镇痛调节作用。在成年大鼠中枢神经系统中，类F8F酰胺免疫反应性在后叶垂体、下丘脑、脑桥、延髓和脊髓背侧中高浓度存在。通过免疫组织化学和放射免疫测定，我们研究了大鼠中枢神经系统中F8F酰胺免疫反应系统在个体发育过程中的发育情况。F8F酰胺免疫反应性纤维和终末在胚胎第20天首次出现在正中隆起。出生后，F8F酰胺免疫反应系统在脑和脊髓中迅速发育，免疫反应性结构在1周龄时具有类似成年的分布。在出生后第3周和第4周观察到F8F酰胺免疫反应性物质短暂增加。到4周龄时，含F8F酰胺的神经元系统在分布和数量上均类似成年。结果表明，类F8F酰胺肽从其在脑和脊髓中出现时起可能就作为神经递质或神经调节剂发挥作用。F8F酰胺样免疫反应性的早期出现和分布表明，这些肽除了参与伤害感受机制外，还可能参与血压、摄食行为和内分泌功能的调节。
