Consonni Chiara, Humphry Matthew E, Hartmann H Andreas, Livaja Maren, Durner Jörg, Westphal Lore, Vogel John, Lipka Volker, Kemmerling Birgit, Schulze-Lefert Paul, Somerville Shauna C, Panstruga Ralph
Max-Planck-Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Department of Plant-Microbe Interactions, Carl-von-Linné-Weg 10, D-50829 Köln, Germany.
Nat Genet. 2006 Jun;38(6):716-20. doi: 10.1038/ng1806. Epub 2006 May 28.
In the fungal phylum Ascomycota, the ability to cause disease in plants and animals has been gained and lost repeatedly during phylogenesis. In monocotyledonous barley, loss-of-function mlo alleles result in effective immunity against the Ascomycete Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei, the causal agent of powdery mildew disease. However, mlo-based disease resistance has been considered a barley-specific phenomenon to date. Here, we demonstrate a conserved requirement for MLO proteins in powdery mildew pathogenesis in the dicotyledonous plant species Arabidopsis thaliana. Epistasis analysis showed that mlo resistance in A. thaliana does not involve the signaling molecules ethylene, jasmonic acid or salicylic acid, but requires a syntaxin, glycosyl hydrolase and ABC transporter. These findings imply that a common host cell entry mechanism of powdery mildew fungi evolved once and at least 200 million years ago, suggesting that within the Erysiphales (powdery mildews) the ability to cause disease has been a stable trait throughout phylogenesis.
在子囊菌门真菌中，在系统发育过程中，动植物致病能力反复获得和丧失。在单子叶大麦中，功能缺失的mlo等位基因导致对子囊菌白粉菌禾本科专化型大麦白粉病菌（引起白粉病的病原体）产生有效抗性。然而，迄今为止，基于mlo的抗病性一直被认为是大麦特有的现象。在这里，我们证明了在双子叶植物拟南芥的白粉病发病机制中，对MLO蛋白存在保守需求。上位性分析表明，拟南芥中的mlo抗性不涉及信号分子乙烯、茉莉酸或水杨酸，但需要一种 syntaxin、糖基水解酶和ABC转运蛋白。这些发现意味着白粉菌的一种常见宿主细胞进入机制在至少2亿年前就已经进化出来，这表明在白粉菌目（白粉菌）中，致病能力在整个系统发育过程中一直是一个稳定的性状。
