Wang Li, Li Hui
Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, CAMS and PUMC, Beijing 100005, China.
Zhongguo Yi Xue Ke Xue Yuan Xue Bao. 2006 Apr;28(2):289-93.
Pancreatic cancer is an extremely life-threatening neoplasm with a case-fatality rate approaching 100%. Smoking is the major known risk factor for this cancer, explaining 19% of all cases. The nutrition and food consumption patterns play other important roles in the etiology of pancreatic cancer, explaining 35% of all cases. Epidemiological evidences on the relationship between nutrition and pancreatic cancer found consistently positive associations between the intakes of meat, carbohydrates, and dietary cholesterol and pancreatic cancer. Consistent inverse relationships with fruit and vegetable intakes and, in particular, with fiber and vitamin C, have also been noted. Many inherited germline mutations increase the risk of pancreatic cancer. In addition, several common polymorphisms in genes that associated with metabolism of environmental carcinogens, DNA repair and folate metabolism may alter the risk of pancreatic cancer. Interaction between genes and environmental factors may contribute to the risk of pancreatic cancer.
胰腺癌是一种极具生命威胁的肿瘤，病死率接近100%。吸烟是已知的该癌症的主要风险因素，占所有病例的19%。营养和食物消费模式在胰腺癌的病因中起其他重要作用，占所有病例的35%。关于营养与胰腺癌关系的流行病学证据一致表明，肉类、碳水化合物和膳食胆固醇的摄入量与胰腺癌之间存在正相关。也有人指出，水果和蔬菜摄入量，特别是纤维和维生素C的摄入量与之呈持续负相关。许多遗传性种系突变会增加患胰腺癌的风险。此外，与环境致癌物代谢、DNA修复和叶酸代谢相关的基因中的几种常见多态性可能会改变患胰腺癌的风险。基因与环境因素之间的相互作用可能会增加患胰腺癌的风险。
