Hill Terrence D, Needham Belinda L
Department of Sociology at the University of Texas, Austin, USA.
Am J Public Health. 2006 Jul;96(7):1288-92. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2004.061119. Epub 2006 May 30.
We tested whether self-rated health has improved over time (1972-2002) for women and men. We also considered the degree to which historical gains in educational attainment help to explain any observed trends.
Using 21 years of repeated cross-sectional data from the General Social Survey, we estimated a series of ordered logistic regression models predicting self-rated health.
Our results show that women's health status has steadily improved over the 30-year period under study, and these improvements are largely explained by gains in educational attainment. We also found that the health trend for men is nonlinear, suggesting significant fluctuations in health status over time.
Based on the linear health status trend and strong mediation pattern for women, and the nonlinear health status trend for men, women have benefited more than men, in terms of self-rated health, from increased educational attainment.
我们测试了1972年至2002年期间男性和女性的自评健康状况是否随时间有所改善。我们还考虑了教育程度的历史提高在多大程度上有助于解释任何观察到的趋势。
利用来自综合社会调查的21年重复横断面数据，我们估计了一系列预测自评健康的有序逻辑回归模型。
我们的结果表明，在所研究的30年期间，女性的健康状况稳步改善，这些改善在很大程度上可以由教育程度的提高来解释。我们还发现男性的健康趋势是非线性的，这表明健康状况随时间有显著波动。
基于女性线性的健康状况趋势和较强的中介模式，以及男性非线性的健康状况趋势，就自评健康而言，女性从教育程度提高中受益比男性更多。
