Gary Tiffany L, Gross Susan M, Browne Dorothy C, LaVeist Thomas A
Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
J Urban Health. 2006 Mar;83(2):253-65. doi: 10.1007/s11524-005-9026-1.
Overweight and obesity are epidemic in the United States, particularly among minority populations. This epidemic contributes to the development of chronic conditions that occur later in life such as type 2 diabetes and hypertension. Therefore, it is important to identify factors associated with the development of obesity during young adulthood. We conducted a cross-sectional survey among students graduating from a Historically Black College or University (HBCU) in the Mid-Atlantic region. Participants were 392 predominantly African American seniors graduating in the spring of 2003. Data were collected using a self-administered paper and pencil questionnaire which focused on weight, weight management activities, individual and familial weight history, and health status indicators. Participants were on average 24 +/- 5 years of age and 69% female; over 90% identified as African American or Black. According to NIH guidelines, about 30% of males and 28% of females were considered overweight, 12% of males and 7% of females were considered obese, and 7% of males and females were considered extremely obese. Significant correlates of being more overweight were being married, having children, lower socio-economic status, weight-loss attempts, personal and family history of overweight, and poorer health status. These data suggest that among this sample, the prevalence of overweight and obesity is similar to other populations of young African American adults. Familial factors such as socio-economic status and family weight history were important correlates of overweight. Overweight is a significant problem in this population, and these data should be useful for developing weight loss interventions aimed at young adults.
超重和肥胖在美国呈流行趋势，在少数族裔人群中尤为明显。这种流行趋势会导致诸如2型糖尿病和高血压等在生命后期出现的慢性疾病的发生。因此，识别与青年期肥胖发生相关的因素很重要。我们对来自大西洋中部地区一所历史悠久的黑人学院或大学（HBCU）的毕业生进行了一项横断面调查。参与者是392名主要为非裔美国的大四学生，他们于2003年春季毕业。数据通过一份自我填写的纸笔问卷收集，问卷聚焦于体重、体重管理活动、个人和家族体重史以及健康状况指标。参与者的平均年龄为24±5岁，69%为女性；超过9%的人认定自己为非裔美国人或黑人。根据美国国立卫生研究院（NIH）的指南，约30%的男性和28%的女性被认为超重，12%的男性和7%的女性被认为肥胖，7%的男性和女性被认为极度肥胖。超重的显著相关因素包括已婚、育有子女、社会经济地位较低、尝试减肥、个人和家族超重史以及较差的健康状况。这些数据表明，在这个样本中，超重和肥胖的患病率与其他年轻非裔美国成年人人群相似。社会经济地位和家族体重史等家族因素是超重的重要相关因素。超重是这一人群中的一个重大问题，这些数据对于制定针对年轻人的减肥干预措施应该是有用的。
