Schwizer B
Abteilung für Pneumologie, Spezialmedizin 2 Departement Medizin, Kantonsspital Luzern.
Ther Umsch. 2006 May;63(5):355-9. doi: 10.1024/0040-5930.63.5.355.
Hemoptysis is a frightening symptom for patients and is often a manifestation of a severe underlying disease. The main threat in the acute phase remains asphyxiation resulting from flooding of the airways with blood. In massive hemoptysis, correctly inserted double-lumen endotracheal tubes maintain airway patency. Finding the etiology and site of the hemoptysis is imperative. After excluding extrapulmonary sites of bleeding, computed tomography and bronchoscopy are complementary and may indicate pathologies not detectable by chest radiograph. An interdisciplinary approach including pneumologist, thoracic surgeon and radiologist in the management of hemoptysis is essential.
咯血对患者来说是一个令人恐惧的症状，通常是严重潜在疾病的表现。急性期的主要威胁仍然是气道被血液淹没导致的窒息。在大量咯血时，正确插入的双腔气管导管可维持气道通畅。明确咯血的病因和部位至关重要。排除肺外出血部位后，计算机断层扫描和支气管镜检查具有互补性，可能显示胸部X线片无法检测到的病变。在咯血的管理中，包括肺病学家、胸外科医生和放射科医生在内的多学科方法至关重要。
