Jurado Ramos M J, Sagalés Sala T, Romero Santo-Tomás O, Pellicer Sarasa M, Pumarola Segura F
Unidad de Sueño, Servicio de Neurofisiología Clínica. Hospital Vall Hebrón, Barcelona, España.
An Otorrinolaringol Ibero Am. 2006;33(2):101-21.
The obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is frequent in infancy and childhood. It is caused by a prolonged upper respiratory airway obstructioon during sleep, and adenotonsillar hypertrophy is the most important cause. OSAS may have an impact on physical and cognitive development, but syntoms in children are subtle and may pass unrecognised. Polysomnography is the gold standard technique for OSAS diagnosis and surgical approach with adenotonsillectomy is the most frequently treatment indicated. Early diagnosis and treatment and adequate follow up are important to prevent physical disturbances secondary to chronic hypoxemia and to avoid cognitive deficits associated with disrupted sleep architecture.
阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征（OSAS）在婴幼儿期和儿童期较为常见。它是由睡眠期间上呼吸道长期阻塞引起的，腺样体扁桃体肥大是最重要的原因。OSAS可能会对身体和认知发育产生影响，但儿童的症状较为隐匿，可能未被察觉。多导睡眠图是诊断OSAS的金标准技术，腺样体扁桃体切除术是最常用的治疗方法。早期诊断、治疗及充分的随访对于预防慢性低氧血症继发的身体障碍以及避免与睡眠结构紊乱相关的认知缺陷非常重要。
