Hughes G D, Hoyo C, Puoane T R
Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Mississipi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississipi, USA.
S Afr Med J. 2006 May;96(5):434-8.
In South Africa, former apartheid laws encouraged rural males seeking employment to migrate to urban areas, moving weekly, monthly or annually between their rural families and urban workplaces. The combination of the migrant labour system and long family separations caused an explosion of serious health consequences, among others sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in the migrant population.
To describe some correlates of male migration patterns for the rural women left behind, especially the fear of STIs that this engendered in them and their risk-avoidance behaviour. Setting and subjects. In KwaZulu-Natal, 208 prenatal patients who were partners of oscillating male migrant workers were interviewed to determine their demographic and behavioural characteristics, and their fear of STIs.
Thirty-six per cent of the rural women said that they were afraid of contracting STIs from their returning migrant partners. Women who saw their partners infrequently were more fearful of STI transmission, and were less able to have sexual communication. However, almost none of the women protected themselves, while only 8% used condoms, primarily for contraceptive purposes.
These results reflect the gender-based power relationships of South African male migrants and their rural partners, the social and economic dependency of the women on their migrant partners, and the women's social responsibility to bear children. The results point to the need to go beyond interventions that simply seek to modify behaviour without altering the forces that promote risk taking and discourage risk reduction, and the need to develop appropriate interventions to curb STIs and decrease HIV.
在南非，以前的种族隔离法律鼓励寻求就业的农村男性迁移到城市地区，他们每周、每月或每年在农村家庭和城市工作场所之间往返。流动劳工制度与长期的家庭分离相结合，导致了一系列严重的健康后果，其中包括流动人群中的性传播感染。
描述农村留守妇女的男性迁移模式的一些相关因素，特别是这种模式在她们心中引发的对性传播感染的恐惧以及她们的风险规避行为。地点和研究对象。在夸祖鲁-纳塔尔省，对208名作为流动男性务工人员配偶的产前患者进行了访谈，以确定她们的人口统计学和行为特征以及她们对性传播感染的恐惧。
36%的农村妇女表示，她们担心从返乡的流动配偶那里感染性传播感染。与配偶见面次数少的妇女更担心性传播感染的传播，并且进行性交流的能力也较弱。然而，几乎没有女性采取自我保护措施，只有8%的女性使用避孕套，主要是出于避孕目的。
这些结果反映了南非流动男性及其农村配偶基于性别的权力关系、女性对流动配偶的社会和经济依赖以及女性生育子女的社会责任。结果表明，需要超越那些仅仅试图改变行为而不改变促进冒险行为和阻碍降低风险行为的力量的干预措施，并且需要制定适当的干预措施来控制性传播感染和减少艾滋病毒感染。
