Nunes Adriana Guimarães, Paula Edvá Vieira de, Teodoro Roberto, Prata Aluízio, Silva-Vergara Mario León
Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Brazil.
Cad Saude Publica. 2006 Jun;22(6):1343-7. doi: 10.1590/s0102-311x2006000600023. Epub 2006 May 29.
To characterize an area of endemic leishmaniasis, aiming to test a candidate leishmania vaccine, a prospective epidemiological survey was implemented in 1999 in a rural area of Varzelândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil. From a total of 1,253 persons in 246 households, 1,170 were included, of whom 593 (50.6%) were males and 662 (56.5%) were under 21 years of age. A Montenegro intradermal test performed in 1,120 individuals and evaluated in 1,020 was reactive in 282 (27.6%). Serological testing through indirect immunofluorescence and ELISA was performed in 970 individuals (82.9%). Antibodies to Leishmania sp. were detected in 117 (13.1%) and 170 (17.5%), respectively, by the two tests. Cutaneous scars similar to those seen in American tegumentary leishmaniasis were found in 297 individuals (25.4%), 282 of whom were submitted to the intradermal test, while only 168 (59.6) were reactive. Initial leishmaniasis prevalence of 5.8% was recorded, and an annual leishmaniasis incidence rate of 4.6% was observed after one year of follow-up. The epidemiological characteristics observed in this location are suggestive of an endemic area with old colonization.
为了描述利什曼病流行地区的特征，以便测试一种候选利什曼原虫疫苗，1999年在巴西米纳斯吉拉斯州瓦尔泽兰迪亚的一个农村地区开展了一项前瞻性流行病学调查。在246户共1253人中，纳入了1170人，其中593人（50.6%）为男性，662人（56.5%）年龄在21岁以下。对1120人进行了蒙氏皮内试验，对其中1020人的试验结果进行评估，结果显示282人（27.6%）呈阳性反应。对970人（82.9%）进行了间接免疫荧光和酶联免疫吸附测定的血清学检测。两种检测方法分别在117人（13.1%）和170人（17.5%）中检测到利什曼原虫抗体。在297人（25.4%）身上发现了与美洲皮肤利什曼病相似的皮肤瘢痕，其中282人接受了皮内试验，只有168人（59.6%）呈阳性反应。记录到初始利什曼病患病率为5.8%，随访一年后观察到利什曼病年发病率为4.6%。该地区观察到的流行病学特征表明这是一个有旧殖民史的流行地区。
