Remm Mare
Tartu School of Health Care, Nooruse 9, 50411 Tartu, Estonia.
Parasitol Res. 2006 Nov;99(6):729-36. doi: 10.1007/s00436-006-0220-1. Epub 2006 Jun 3.
The occurrence of helminthiases in Estonia was under extensive observation from 1956 until 1989. Enterobiasis had remained the most prevalent helminthiasis in Estonia in the 1990s. After 1990, the number of helminthological studies decreased. This study was conducted to investigate the occurrence and possible risk factors of enterobiasis among nursery school children in Southeast Estonia. A total of 954 nursery school children were examined from 22 nursery schools in Tartu and Põlva counties in Estonia. Enterobius vermicularis infection was detected using the anal swab technique. The parents of tested children were asked to complete questionnaires so as to ascertain the potential risk factors in children's homes and in their families. The overall rate of being positive for E. vermicularis egg was 24.4%. The occurrence of enterobiasis among the examined nursery schools ranged from 11.8 to 46.2% and from 0 to 61.1% in nursery school groups. All nursery schools were infected. Children 5-8 years of age showed a significantly higher rate of being positive for E. vermicularis egg than the younger children. The overall infection rate was higher among boys and among children from larger families. The infection rate was related to washing of hands after closet use. The socioeconomic status of the family was not associated with the frequency of enterobiasis.
1956年至1989年期间，爱沙尼亚对蠕虫病的发生情况进行了广泛观察。在20世纪90年代，蛲虫病一直是爱沙尼亚最普遍的蠕虫病。1990年以后，蠕虫学研究的数量减少。本研究旨在调查爱沙尼亚东南部幼儿园儿童蛲虫病的发生情况及其可能的危险因素。对爱沙尼亚塔尔图和派尔瓦县22所幼儿园的954名儿童进行了检查。采用肛门拭子技术检测蠕形住肠线虫感染情况。要求受试儿童的家长填写问卷，以确定儿童家庭和家族中的潜在危险因素。蠕形住肠线虫虫卵阳性总率为24.4%。在所检查的幼儿园中，蛲虫病的发生率在11.8%至46.2%之间，在幼儿园各年龄组中为0至61.1%。所有幼儿园均有感染。5至8岁儿童的蠕形住肠线虫虫卵阳性率明显高于年龄较小的儿童。男孩和大家庭儿童的总体感染率较高。感染率与便后洗手有关。家庭的社会经济状况与蛲虫病的发病率无关。
